Fractal dimensions of flocs between clay particles and HAB organisms

Hongliang Wang; Zhiming Yu; Xihua Cao; Xiuxian Song

doi:10.1007/s00343-011-0065-z

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Fractal dimensions of flocs between clay particles and HAB organisms

OriginalPaper | Updated：2023-05-16

- Fractal dimensions of flocs between clay particles and HAB organisms
- Fractal dimensions of flocs between clay particles and HAB organisms
- 海洋湖沼学报（英文） 2011年29卷第3期页码：656-663
- Affiliations：
  
  1. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences
  2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Author bio：
- Funds：
  
  Supported by the Fund for Creative Research Groups by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40821004), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40906055) and the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2010CB428706)
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-011-0065-z
  中图分类号：
- 网络首发：2011-05-15，
  
  纸质出版：2011
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Fractal dimensions of flocs between clay particles and HAB organisms[J]. 海洋湖沼学报（英文）, 2011,29(3):656-663.

Wang, H., Yu, Z., Cao, X. et al. Fractal dimensions of flocs between clay particles and HAB organisms., Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 29, 656–663 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-011-0065-z
Fractal dimensions of flocs between clay particles and HAB organisms[J]. 海洋湖沼学报（英文）, 2011,29(3):656-663. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-011-0065-z.

Wang, H., Yu, Z., Cao, X. et al. Fractal dimensions of flocs between clay particles and HAB organisms., Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 29, 656–663 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-011-0065-z DOI：

摘要

Abstract

The impact of harmful algal blooms (HABs) on public health and related economics have been increasing in many coastal regions of the world. Sedimentation of algal cells through flocculation with clay particles is a promising strategy for controlling HABs. Previous studies found that removal efficiency (RE) was influenced by many factors

including clay type and concentration

algal growth stage

and physiological aspects of HAB cells. To estimate the effect of morphological characteristics of the aggregates on HAB cell removal

fractal dimensions were measured and the RE of three species of HAB organism

Heterosigma akashiwo

Alexandrium tamarense

and Skeletonema costatum

by original clay and modified clay

was determined. For all HAB species

the modified clay had a higher RE than original clay. For the original clay

the two-dimensional fractal dimension (D 2) was 1.92 and three-dimensional fractal dimension (D 3) 2.81

while for the modified clay

D 2 was 1.84 and D 3 was 2.50. The addition of polyaluminum chloride (PACl) lead to a decrease of the repulsive barrier between clay particles

and resulted in lower D 2 and D 3. Due to the decrease of D 3

and the increase of the effective sticking coefficient

the flocculation rate between modified clay particles and HAB organisms increased

and thus resulted in a high RE. The fractal dimensions of flocs differed in HAB species with different cell morphologies. For example

Alexandrium tamarense cells are ellipsoidal

and the D 3 and D 2 of flocs were the highest

while for Skeletonema costatum

which has filamentous cells

the D 3 and D 2 of flocs were the lowest.

关键词

Keywords

references

Anderson D M. 1997. Turning back the harmful red tide. Nature, 388: 513–514.

Anderson D M. 2009. Approaches to monitoring, control and management of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Ocean & Coastal Management, 52: 342–347.

Avnimelech Y, Troeger B W, Reed L W. 1982. Mutual flocculation of algae and clay: evidence and implications. Science, 216: 63–65.

Boer D H De. 1997. An evaluation of fractal dimensions to quantify changes in the morphology of fluvial suspended sediment particles during baseflow conditions. Hydrological Processes, 11: 415–426.

Boer D H De, Stone M. 1999. Fractal dimensions of suspended solids in streams comparison of sampling and analysis techniques. Hydrological Processes, 13: 239–254.

Chakraborti R K, Atkinson J F, van Benschoten J E. 2000. Characterization of alum floc by image analysis. Environmental Science & Technology, 34: 3 969–3 976.

Droppo I G, Ongley E D. 1992. The state of suspended sediment in the freshwater fluvial environment: a method of analysis. Water Research, 26: 65–72.

Du G L, James S B, Laurie S G, Andrew N S E, Robin L A. 2000. Modeling coagulation kinetics incorporating fractal theories: a fractal rectilinear approach. Water Research, 43: 1 987–2 000.

Farley K J, Morel F M. 1986. Role of coagulation in the kinetics of sedimentation. Environmental Science & Technology, 20: 187–195.

Guenther M, Bozelli R. 2004. Factors influencing algae-clay aggregation. Hydrobiologia, 523: 217–223.

Han M Y, Kim W. 2001. A theoretical consideration of algae removal with clays. Microchemical Journal, 68: 157–161.

Jackson G A, Lochmann S E. 1993. Modeling coagulation of algae in marine ecosystems. In: Buffle J, van Leeuwen H P eds. Environmental Particles. Lewis Publishers Press, USA. p.387–412.

Jackson G A. 1995a. TEP and coagulation during a mesocosm experiment. Deep Sea Research Part II, 42: 215–222.

Jackson G A, Logan B E, Alldredge A L, Dam H G. 1995b. Combining particle size spectra from a mesocosm experiment measured using photographic and aperture impedance (Coulter and Elzone) techniques. Deep Sea Research Part II, 42: 139–157.

Jackson G A. 1998. Using fractal scaling and two-dimensional particle size spectra to calculate coagulation rates for heterogeneous systems. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 202: 20–29.

Jiang Q, Logan B E. 1991. Fractal dimensions of aggregates determined from steady-state size distributions. Environmental Science & Technology, 25: 2 031–2 038.

Kim H G. 2006. Mitigation and Controls of HABs. In: Granéli E, Turner J T eds. Ecology of Harmful Algae. Springer Berlin Heidelberg Press, USA. Volume 189. p.327–338.

Kiørboe T, Andersen K P, Dam H G. 1990. Coagulation efficiency and aggregate formation in marine phytoplankton. Marine Biology, 107: 235–245.

Li X, Logan B E. 1995. Size distributions and fractal properties of particles during a simulated phytoplankton bloom in a mesocosm. Deep-Sea Research Part II, 42: 125–138.

Li X, Passow U, Logan B E. 1998. Fractal dimensions of small (15–200 μm) particles in Eastern Pacific coastal waters. Deep-Sea Research Part I, 45: 115–131.

Li X, Zhang J. 2003. Numerical simulation and experimental verification of particle coagulation dynamics for a pulsed input. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 262: 149–161.

Lin J L, Huang C, Chin C J M, Pan J R. 2008. Coagulation dynamics of fractal flocs induced by enmeshment and electrostatic patch mechanisms. Water Research, 42: 4 457–4 466.

Lin M Y, Lindsay H M, Weitz D A, Ball R C, Klein R, Meakin P. 1989. Universality in colloid aggregation. Nature, 339: 360–362.

Logan B E, Kilps J R. 1995. Fractal dimensions of aggregates formed in different fluid mechanical environments. Water Research, 29: 443–453.

Pan G, Zhang M, Chen H, Zou H, Yan H. 2006. Removal of cyanobacterial blooms in Taihu Lake using local soils. I. Equilibrium and kinetic screening on the flocculation of Microcystis aeruginosa using commercially available clays and minerals. Environmental Pollution, 141: 195–200.

Passow U, Alldredge A L. 1995. Aggregation of a diatom bloom in a mesocosm: The role of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP). Deep Sea Research Part II, 42: 99–109.

Sengco M R, Anderson D M. 2004. Controlling harmful algal blooms through clay flocculation. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 51: 169–172.

Sengco M R, Li A, Tugend K, Kulis D, Anderson D M. 2001. Removal of red- and rown-tide cells using clay flocculation. I. Laboratory culture experiments with Gymnodinium breve and Aureococcus anophagefferens. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 210: 41–53.

Sterling M C, Bonner J S, Ernest A N S, Page C A, Autenrieth R L. 2005. Application of fractal flocculation and vertical transport model to aquatic sol-sediment systems. Water Research, 39: 1 818–1 830.

Stone M, Krishnappan B G. 2003. Floc morphology and size distributions of cohesive sediment in steady-state flow. Water Research, 37: 2 739–2 747.

Thomas D N, Judd S J, Fawcett N. 1999. Flocculation modelling: A review. Water Research, 33: 1 579–1 592.

Yu Z M, Zou J Z, Ma X N, Li Q S. 1993. Controlling red tide by means of chemistry. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 24: 314–318. (in Chinese with English abstract)

Yu Z M, Zou J Z, Ma X N. 1994a. Application of clay to removal of red tide organism. I. Coagulation of red tide organism with clays. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 12: 193–200.

Yu Z M, Zou J Z, Ma X N. 1994b. Application of clay to removal of red tide organism. II. Coagulation of different species of red tide organism with montmorillonite and effect of clay pretreatment. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 12: 316–324.

Yu Z M, Zou J Z, Ma X N. 1995. Application of clay to removal of red tide organism. III. The coagulation of kaolin on red tide organism. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 13: 62–70.

Yu Z M, Sun X X, Song X X, Zhang B. 1999. Clay surface modification and its coagulation of red tide organisms. Chinese Science Bulletin, 44: 617–620.

Yu Z M, Sengco M R, Anderson D M. 2004. Flocculation and removal of the brown tide organism, Aureococcus anophagefferens (Chrysophyceae), using clays. Journal of Applied Phycology, 16: 101–110.

Zhou Y, Franks G V. 2006. Flocculation mechanism induced by cationic polymer investigated by light scattering. Langmuir., 22: 6 775–6 784.

浏览量

Downloads

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

Submit

工具集

关联资源

Competition among DinoflagellateAlexandrium tamarense, raphidophyteHeterosigma carterae and diatomSkeletonema costatum under combinations of two temperatures and five salinities

Growth inhibition to three red tide microalgae by extracts ofUlva pertusa

Effect of CO2 enrichment on competition between Skeletonema costatum and Heterosigma akashiwo

Identification of the toxic compounds produced by Sargassum thunbergii to red tide microalgae

Effects of modified clay flocculation on major nutrients and diatom aggregation during Skeletonema costatum blooms in the laboratory