The contribution of trace elements from seawater to chimneys: a case study of the native sulfur chimneys in the sea area off Kueishantao, northeast of Taiwan Island

Changhua Liu; Xiaomei Wang; Xindi Jin; Zhigang Zeng; Chentung A. Chen

doi:10.1007/s00343-009-0162-4

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The contribution of trace elements from seawater to chimneys: a case study of the native sulfur chimneys in the sea area off Kueishantao, northeast of Taiwan Island

OriginalPaper | Updated：2023-05-16

- The contribution of trace elements from seawater to chimneys: a case study of the native sulfur chimneys in the sea area off Kueishantao, northeast of Taiwan Island
- The contribution of trace elements from seawater to chimneys: a case study of the native sulfur chimneys in the sea area off Kueishantao, northeast of Taiwan Island
- 海洋湖沼学报（英文） 2009年27卷第1期页码：162-171
- Affiliations：
  
  1. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences
  2. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Science
  3. Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences
  4. Institute of Marine Geology and Chemistry National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung
- Author bio：
- Funds：
  
  Supported by the Pilot Project of Knowledge Innovation Project, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.KZCX2-YW-211and KZCX3-SW-223), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40830849), and the Special Foundation for the Eleventh Five-Year Plan of COMRA (No. DYXM-115-02-1-03).
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-009-0162-4
  中图分类号：
- 网络首发：2009-03-27，
  
  纸质出版：2009
- Accepted：
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The contribution of trace elements from seawater to chimneys: a case study of the native sulfur chimneys in the sea area off Kueishantao, northeast of Taiwan Island[J]. 海洋湖沼学报（英文）, 2009,27(1):162-171.

Liu, C., Wang, X., Jin, X. et al. The contribution of trace elements from seawater to chimneys: a case study of the native sulfur chimneys in the sea area off Kueishantao, northeast of Taiwan Island., Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 27, 162–171 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-009-0162-4
The contribution of trace elements from seawater to chimneys: a case study of the native sulfur chimneys in the sea area off Kueishantao, northeast of Taiwan Island[J]. 海洋湖沼学报（英文）, 2009,27(1):162-171. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-009-0162-4.

Liu, C., Wang, X., Jin, X. et al. The contribution of trace elements from seawater to chimneys: a case study of the native sulfur chimneys in the sea area off Kueishantao, northeast of Taiwan Island., Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 27, 162–171 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-009-0162-4 DOI：

摘要

Abstract

Hydrothermal fluid containing abundant matter erupts from seafloor

meets ambient cold seawater and forms chimneys. So the main matter origins of chimneys are seawater and matter which are taken by hydrothermal fluid from deep reservoir. However

because of seawater’s little contribution to the forming of chimneys

it is usually covered by the abundant matter which is taken by hydrothermal fluid. Therefore

chimneys formed in ordinary deep seawater hydrothermal activity

containing complex elements

cannot be used to study the seawater’s contribution to their formation. While the native sulfur chimneys

formed by hydrothermal activity near the sea area off Kueishantao

are single sulfur composition (over 99%)

and within chimneys distinct layers are seen. Different layers were sampled for trace element determination

with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). By analyzing the data

we consider C-layer (secondary inner-layer) as the framework layer of the chimney which formed early (Fig.4)

and its trace elements derive from hydrothermal fluid. While the trace elements within A

D layers have undergone later alteration. A

B layers are affected by seawater and D layer by hydrothermal fluid. The increase of trace elements of A and B layers was calculated using C layer as background. Based on the known typical volume of chimneys of the near sea area off Kueishantao

we calculated the volume of seawater that contributed trace element to chimneys formation to be about 6.37×104 L. This simple quantified estimate may help us better understand the seafloor hydrothermal activity and chimneys.

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