

FOLLOWUS
1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
3. Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College of Tibet University
4. Xilinhot No.6 Middle School
5. Fujian Marine Products Technical Promotion Station
6. UMR B CNRS-University Paul Sabatier,5174 ED
Online First:29 June 2016,
Published:2017
Scan QR Code
Liu, H., Ye, S., Yang, X. et al. Spatio-temporal variability of periphytic protozoa related to environment in the Niyang River, Tibet, China., Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 35, 489–500 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-017-5274-7
The Niyang River
a main tributary of the Yarlung Zangbo River
is an important and typical plateau river ecosystem in Tibet
China. At present
few studies have focused on its aquatic living resources and river ecology. In this study
the composition
abundance
and diversity of periphytic protozoa were investigated across four seasons from 2008 to 2009 to better understand their spatio-temporal patterns and relationship to the environment. Our investigation shows that periphytic protozoa in the Niyang River contained 15 genera
belonged to Tubulinea
Alveolata
Discosea and Rhizaria
Alveolata possessed most genera
up to nine
with highest share in abundance
exceeding 50%
Difflugia and Glaucoma were dominant genera. Moreover
four diversity indices of periphytic protozoa
including species richness
total abundance
Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou’s evenness index
displayed a significant descending trend as the seasons continued
in the order of winter
spring
summer and autumn; with a significant difference existing between winter and summer (or autumn) for Shannon-Wiener diversity index and species richness (P<0.05). Four of these diversity indices also presented a V-shaped pattern between the upper middle course of the Niyang River and the confluence of the Niyang River and Yarlung Zangbo River
with the lowest value occurred in the middle course of the Niyang River. However
no significant variation was found through the Niyang River (P>0.05). In addition
canonical correlation analysis (CCA) shows that the densities of Difflugia
Glaucomais
Enchelydium
Cyphoderia
and Enchelys correlate with water temperature
alkalinity
hardness
pH
and dissolved oxygen
respectively. Lastly
the relationship between periphytic protozoa diversity and the environmental factors of the Niyang River can be predicted using classification and regression trees (CART) annalysis
which suggests that the total abundance and Shannon-Wiener diversity index would be higher when the elevation is above 3 308 m. On the other hand
the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou’s evenness index would be lower when pH and ammoniacal nitrogen have lower or higher values. Finally yet importantly
close attention should be paid to periphytic protozoa and its environment to ensure sustainable development of the Niyang River ecosystem.
Aberle N, Bauer B, Lewandowska A, Gaedke U, Sommer U. 2012. Warming induces shifts in microzooplankton phenology and reduces time-lags between phytoplankton and protozoan production. Marine Biology, 159 (11): 441–2453.
Adl S M, Simpson A G B, Lane C E, Lukeš J, Bass D, Bowser S S, Brown M W, Burki F, Dunthorn M, Hampl V, Heiss A, Hoppenrath M, Lara E, le Gall L, Lynn D H, McManus H, Mitchell E A D, Mozley-Stanridge S E, Parfrey L W, Pawlowski J, Rueckert S, Shadwick L, Schoch C L, Smirnov A, Spiegel F W. 2012. The revised classification of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 59 (5): 29–514.
Bai J H, Cui B S, Chen B, Zhang K J, Deng W, Gao H F, Xiao R. 2009. Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments from a typical plateau lake wetland, China. Ecological Modelling, 222 (2): 01–306.
Biswas S N, Godhantaraman N, Rakshit D, Sarkar S K. 2013. Community composition, abundance, biomass and production rates of Tintinnids (Ciliata: Protozoa) in the coastal regions of Sundarban Mangrove wetland, India. Indian Journal of Geo -Marine Sciences, 42 (2): 63–173.
Camargo J C, Velho L F M. 2011. Longitudinal variation of attributes from flagellate protozoan community in tropical streams. Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences, 33 (2): 61–169.
Camargo J C, Vieira L C G, Velho L F M. 2012. The role of limnological variables and habitat complexity in impacted tropical streams as regulatory factors on the flagellate protozoa community. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 24 (2): 93–206.
Canals O, Serrano-Suárez A, Salvadó H et al. 2015. effect of chlorine and temperature on free-living protozoa in operational man-made water systems (cooling towers and hot sanitary water systems) in Catalonia. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22 (9): 610–6618.
Corrêa L V A, Hardoim E L, Zeilhofer P. 2015. Is the periphytic structure of testaceans (protozoa: rhizopoda) related to water quality: a case study in the Cuiabá River, Brazil. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 13 (1): 5–97.
Dorgham M M, El-Tohamy W S, Aziz N E A, El-Ghobashi A, Qin J G. 2013. Protozoa in a stressed area of the Egyptian Mediterranean coast of Damietta, Egypt. Oceanologia, 55 (3): 33–750.
Dray S, Dufour A B. 2007. The ade4 package: implementing the duality diagram for ecologists. Journal of Statistical Software, 22 (4): 1–20.
Duan S Q, Wang J, Feng S H, Li J, Han S F. 2011). Research on the assessment of water resources vulnerability of lakes in Yunnan Plateau. China Rural Water and Hydropower, (9): 55–59. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Gong J, Song W B, Warren A. 2005. Periphytic ciliate colonization: annual cycle and responses to environmental conditions. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 39 (2): 59–170.
Guan Z H, Chen C Y, Qu Y X et al. 1984. Rivers and Lakes in Tibet. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
He G Q. 2007. Alpine Wetland Ecosystem Service Valuation and Wetland Protection Countermeasures in Tibet. Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xi’an, China. (in Chinese)
Hu Y L, Zheng W. 2011. Research on sustainable development in plateau lake basins. Ecological Economy, 3: 168–171, 183. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Huang Q. 2012. The influence about Human Activities and Ecological Environment Change around Sanjiangyuan Region based on GIS. Minzu University of China, Beijing, China. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Ju J T, Zhu L P, Feng J L, Wang J B, Wang Y, Xie M P, Peng P, Zhen X L, Lü X M. 2012. Hydrodynamic process of Tibetan Plateau lake revealed by grain size: case study of Pumayum Co. Chinese Science Bulletin, 57 (19): 433–2441.
Ju L H, Yang J, Liu L M, Wilkinson D M. 2014. Diversity and distribution of freshwater testate amoebae (protozoa) along latitudinal and trophic gradients in China. Microbial Ecology, 68 (4): 57–670.
Lisi P J, Schindler D E, Cline T J, Scheuerell M D, Walsh P B. 2015. Watershed geomorphology and snowmelt control stream thermal sensitivity to air temperature. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (9): 380–3388.
Liu H P, Ye S W, Yang X F, Zhang L S, Zhang H J, Fan L Q, Li Z J. 2016. Spatio-temporal characteristics of aquatic organism community and their relationship to environment in Niyang River, the branch of Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibet: 4. zooplankton. Journal of Lake Sciences, 28 (2): 70–378. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu H P, Ye S W, Yang X F, Zhang L S, Zhong G H, He Y P, Li Z J. 2014. Spatio-temporal dynamics of aquatic organism community and their relationships to environment in Niyang River, Tibet: 3. macrozoobenthos. Journal of Lake Sciences, 26 (1): 54–160. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu H P, Ye S W, Yang X F, Zhang L S, Zhong G H, He Y P, Li Z J. 2013b. Spatio-temporal dynamics of aquatic organism community and their relationships to environment in Niyang River, Tibet: 2. Periphytic algae. Journal of Lake Sciences, 25 (6): 07–915. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu H P, Ye S W, Yang X F, Zhang L S, Zhong G H, Li Z J. 2013a. Spatial-temporal dynamics of aquatic organism community and their relationships to environment in Niyang River, Tibet: 1. Phytoplankton. Journal of Lake Sciences, 25 (5): 95–706. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu H P, Zhong G H, Ye S W, Zhang L S, Zhang H J, Fan L Q, Basang, Li Z J. 2015. Multivariate statistical analysis of water environment for Niyang River, the branch of the Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibet. Journal of Lake Sciences, 27 (6): 187–1196. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu J K. 1999. Advanced Hydrobiology. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
Luosang L Z D J. 2005. Utilization and protection of water resources in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Resources Science, 27 (2): 3–27. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Ma X F, Liu D Q, Xiong B X, Wang W M. 2005. Studies on the attached protozoan community structure in the Daoguanhe reservoir. Reservoir Fisheries, 25 (5): 1–64. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China. 2002. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Environmental Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
Neto E V S. 2001. Índices ecológicos de comunidades de Testacea (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) no Rio Cuiabá-perímetro urbano de Rosário Oeste, Mato Grosso. Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Cuiabá.
Pepin N, Bradley R S, Diaz H F et al. 2015. Elevationdependent warming in mountain regions of the world. Nature Climate Change, 5 (5): 24–430.
Pielou E C. 1975. Ecological Diversity. Wiley, New York. 165p.
Puigagut J, Maltais-Landry G, Gagnon V, Brisson J. 2012. Are ciliated protozoa communities affected by macrophyte species, date of sampling and location in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands? Water Research, 46 (9): 005–3013.
Qin D H, Chen Y Y. 2005a. China’s Climate and Environmental Evolution (Volume 1): The Evolution and Forecast of China’s Climate and Environment. Science Press, Beijing. p.389–390. (in Chinese)
Qin D H, Chen Y Y. 2005b. China’s Climate and Environmental Evolution (Volume 2): The Influence, Adaptation and Mitigation Strategy of Climate and Environment Changes. Science Press, Beijing. p.98–109. (in Chinese)
Rakshit D, Biswas S N, Sarkar S K, Bhattacharya B D, Godhantaraman N, Satpathy K K. 2014. Seasonal variations in species composition, abundance, biomass and production rate of tintinnids (Ciliata: Protozoa) along the Hooghly (Ganges) River Estuary, India: a multivariate approach. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 186 (5): 063–3078.
Sarah E N, Joshua H V, Michael L D, et al. 2013. Stream temperature sensitivity to climate warming in California’s Sierra Nevada: impacts to coldwater habitat. Climatic Change, 116 (S1): 149–170.
Segura C, Caldwell P, Sun G, McNulty S, Zhang Y. 2015. A model to predict stream water temperature across the conterminous USA. Hydrological Processes, 29 (9): 178–2195.
Shannon E E, Wiener W. 1949. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University Illinois Press, London. 125p.
Shen H B, Guo L. 2008. Survey and analysis on fish composition of Niyang River in Tibet. Hebei Fisheries, 5): 51–54, 60. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Shen Y F. 1980. Ecological studies on the periphytic protozoa in Lake Dong Hu, Wuhan. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 7 (1): 8–40. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Shen Y F. 1990. New technology for microbial monitoring. China Building Industry Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
Shen Y P, Wang G X, Wu Q B, Liu S Y. 2002. The Impact of future climate change on ecology and environments in the Changjiang -Yellow Rivers source region. Journal of Glaciol o gy and Geocryology, 24 (3): 08–314. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Shi X L, Liu X J, Liu G J, Sun Z Q, Xu H L. 2012. An approach to analyzing spatial patterns of protozoan communities for assessing water quality in the Hangzhou section of Jing-Hang Grand Canal in China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 19 (3): 39–747.
Sickman J O, Melack J M. 1998. Nitrogen and sulfate export from high elevation catchments of the Sierra Nevada, California. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 105 (1-2): 217–226.
Slemmons K E H, Saros J E, Simon K. 2013. The influence of glacial meltwater on alpine aquatic ecosystems: a review. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, 15 (10): 794–1806.
Tan X L, Shi X L, Liu G J, Xu H L, Nie P. 2009. An approach to analyzing taxonomic patterns of protozoan communities for monitoring water quality in Songhua River, northeast China. Hydrobiologia, 638 (1): 93–201.
Therneau T M, Atkinson B, Ripley B. 2010. rpart: Recursive Partitioning. R Package Version 3. p.1–46.
Vaerewijck M J M, Sabbe K, Baré J, Houf K. 2011. Occurrence and diversity of free-living protozoa on butterhead lettuce. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 147 (2): 05–111.
Wang P, Huang C L, Liu Z D. 1988. Snow and ice chemical characteristic for Xixiabangma Mountain area, Tibet. Environmental Science, 9 (1): 3–26. (in Chinese)
Wey J K, Jürgens K, Weitere M. 2012. Seasonal and successional influences on bacterial community composition exceed that of protozoan grazing in river biofilms. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 78 (6): 013–2024.
Wu W H, Xu S J, Lu H Y, Yang J D, Yin H W, Liu W. 2011. Mineralogy, major and trace element geochemistry of riverbed sediments in the headwaters of the Yangtze, Tongtian River and Jinsha River. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 40 (2): 11–621.
Wu W H, Zheng H B, Xu S J, Yang J D, Yin H W. 2012. Geochemistry and provenance of bed sediments of the large rivers in the Tibetan Plateau and Himalayan region. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 101 (5): 357–1370.
Xie H. 2012. The Evapotranspiation and Its Response to Climate Change on the Tibetan Plateau (1970-2010). Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu H L, Min G S, Choi J K, Zhu M Z, Jiang Y, Al-Rasheid K A S. 2010. Temporal population dynamics of dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum in a semi-enclosed mariculture pond and its relationship to environmental factors and protozoan grazers. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 28 (1): 5–81.
Yang J P, Löder M G J, Gerdts G, Wiltshire K H. 2015. Structural composition and temporal variation of the ciliate community in relation to environmental factors at Helgoland Roads, North Sea. Journal of Sea Research, 101: 9–30.
Ye S W, Lin M L, Li L, Liu J S, Song L R, Li Z J. 2015. Abundance and spatial variability of invasive fishes related to environmental factors in a eutrophic Yunnan Plateau lake, Lake Dianchi, southwestern China. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 98 (1): 09–224.
Zhai H J. 2009. Study on the River Ecological Integrity under the Threat of Hydropower Development in LRGR. Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang H P, Chen R H, Li F P, Chen L. 2015. Effect of flow rate on environmental variables and phytoplankton dynamics: results from field enclosures. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 33 (2): 30–438.
Zhang J, Örmälä-Odegrip A M, Mappes J et al. 2014. Topdown effects of a lytic bacteriophage and protozoa on bacteria in aqueous and biofilm phases. Ecology and Evolution, 4 (23): 444–4453.
Zhang W, Xu H L. 2015. Seasonal shift in community pattern of periphytic ciliates and its environmental drivers in coastal waters of the Yellow Sea, northern China. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (2): 77–288.
Zhang Y H, Xu C J, Qi Q, Hou G L. 2011. Climate change and ecological effect on the Tibetan plateau. Journal of Qinghai University (Natural Science), 29 (4): 8–22. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhou K X, Xu M Q, Cao H. 2003. Influence of protozoan grazing on aquatic bacteria. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 27 (2): 90–195. (in Chinese with English abstract)
0
Views
3
Downloads
2
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024621