Study of dissolved chlorofluorocarbons in Lake Washington

Han Lijun; John L. Bullister; David P. Wisegarver

doi:10.1007/BF02843148

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Study of dissolved chlorofluorocarbons in Lake Washington

Updated：2023-05-16

- Study of dissolved chlorofluorocarbons in Lake Washington
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 21, Issue 2, Pages: 171-179(2003)
- Affiliations：
  
  1. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences
  2. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
- Author bio：
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/BF02843148
  CLC：
- Published：2003
- Accepted：
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Lijun, H., Bullister, J.L. & Wisegarver, D.P. Study of dissolved chlorofluorocarbons in Lake Washington., Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 21, 171–179 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02843148
DOI：

Lijun, H., Bullister, J.L. & Wisegarver, D.P. Study of dissolved chlorofluorocarbons in Lake Washington., Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 21, 171–179 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02843148 DOI：

摘要

Abstract

Measurements of three chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)

dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) and trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113)

along with methyl chloroform (CH3CCl3) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were made in water samples from Lake Washington

using Electron Capture-Gas Chromatography (EC-GC). The samples were collected in mid-autumn

a period when the lake's upper layer undergoes rapid cooling. At the time of sampling

a strong vertical temperature gradient was present in the lake

with surface temperatures of ∼14°C

and near bottom (50 meters) temperatures of ∼8°C. The concentrations of dissolved CFC-12 and CFC-11 increased with depth

as expected from the higher solubilities of these gases at lower temperatures. Atmospheric measurements made at the sampling site at the time of the cruise

showed that CFC-11 and CFC-12 saturations in the near surface samples were 100 % and 106 %

respectively. For the deepest sample (52 meters) CFC-11 and CFC-12 saturations were 102 % and 126 %. Because the surface layer of the lake responds to changes in atmospheric CFCs on a time scale of several weeks

the higher than equilibrium concentrations of CFC-12 observed at the time of sampling may reflect earlier episodes of elevated levels of atmospheric CFC-12 in this urban area. High concentrations of dissolved CFCs in runoff or industrial effluent might also lead to elevated CFC levels in the lake. The cold

deep water of Lake Washington is relatively isolated from the effects of surface gas exchange except during winter

and the supersaturations observed in the deep layer may reflect periods of elevated atmospheric CFC-12 levels from the previous winter season. These results were compared to summertime profiles of CFC-11 and CFC-12 made in 1994.

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references

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