Performance evaluation of COAWST model in simulating typhoon “Soulik” on Kunpeng (ARM) and Intel (x86) architectures

Le CHEN; Wei ZHOU; Qiang WANG; Jinglong YAO; Xianqing LÜ

doi:10.1007/s00343-026-5232-3

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Performance evaluation of COAWST model in simulating typhoon “Soulik” on Kunpeng (ARM) and Intel (x86) architectures

Updated：2026-09-28

- Performance evaluation of COAWST model in simulating typhoon “Soulik” on Kunpeng (ARM) and Intel (x86) architectures
- Performance evaluation of COAWST model in simulating typhoon “Soulik” on Kunpeng (ARM) and Intel (x86) architectures
- 海洋湖沼学报(英文) 2026年页码：1-19
- Affiliations：
  
  1.State Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
  2.Equipment Public Service Center, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
  3.China-Sri Lanka Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
  4.State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Author bio：
  
  zhouwei@scsio.ac.cn
- Funds：
  
  the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41306005);the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024B1515020099);the China Meteorological Administration(2024-K-03)
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-026-5232-3
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-06-26，
  
  网络首发：2026-09-28，
- Accepted：
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Le CHEN, Wei ZHOU, Qiang WANG, 等. Performance evaluation of COAWST model in simulating typhoon “Soulik” on Kunpeng (ARM) and Intel (x86) architectures[J/OL]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2026,1-19.

CHEN Le,ZHOU Wei,WANG Qiang,et al.Performance evaluation of COAWST model in simulating typhoon “Soulik” on Kunpeng (ARM) and Intel (x86) architectures[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,
Le CHEN, Wei ZHOU, Qiang WANG, 等. Performance evaluation of COAWST model in simulating typhoon “Soulik” on Kunpeng (ARM) and Intel (x86) architectures[J/OL]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2026,1-19. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-026-5232-3.

CHEN Le,ZHOU Wei,WANG Qiang,et al.Performance evaluation of COAWST model in simulating typhoon “Soulik” on Kunpeng (ARM) and Intel (x86) architectures[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, DOI：.

摘要

Abstract

High-resolution Earth system models are essential for understanding and predicting extreme weather events. However

the performance of complex coupled models on ARM architectures and the intrinsic uncertainties introduced by the underlying computing infrastructure remain inadequately assessed in quantitative geophysical simulations. Using Typhoon Soulik (2013) as a case

this work ports the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) model to a Huawei Kunpeng (ARM) server and systematically evaluates its performance and physical consistency against an Intel (x86) server

which was then validated with multi-source observational data. Results show that the ARM-based simulation reduced computational time by 15.44%. Both platforms achieved high consistency in simulating typhoon evolution and oceanic response (

0.99)

confirming the reliability of ARM for scientific modeling. Quantitative analysis further revealed discernible architectural influences: dynamical errors exhibited spatiotemporal clustering

and the ARM platform showed slightly weaker air-sea coupling during landfall but better performance in simulating near-surface wind speed (0.23% reduction in RMSE). These findings highlight computing architecture as a source of uncertainty in high-resolution simulations and underscore the need for cross-platform validation in future research. This study verified the efficiency and stability of the ARM architecture for high-resolution coupled modeling and offered a reliable pathway for advancing ocean and extreme weather research through diversified high-performance computing infrastructure.

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