Microplastics in the seawater of the Beibu Gulf, the northern South China Sea: occurrence, sources, and ecological risk

Zuhao ZHU; Qiongyuan SU; Huihua WEI; Lang LIN; Liangliang HUANG

doi:10.1007/s00343-024-3284-9

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Microplastics in the seawater of the Beibu Gulf, the northern South China Sea: occurrence, sources, and ecological risk

Micro- and nano-plastics in marine environments | Updated：2025-03-21

- Microplastics in the seawater of the Beibu Gulf, the northern South China Sea: occurrence, sources, and ecological risk
- Microplastics in the seawater of the Beibu Gulf, the northern South China Sea: occurrence, sources, and ecological risk
- 海洋湖沼学报(英文) 2025年43卷第2期页码：406-421
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China
  2.Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China
  3.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
  4.Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
  5.Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China
- Author bio：
  
  zhuzuhao@4io.org.cn
  llhuang@glut.edu.cn
- Funds：
  
  the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20103);the Scientific Research Fund of the Fourth Institute of Oceanography;Guangxi Funding Project(304024XM20N0006);the Guangxi Talent Science and Technology Project(2019AC17008)
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-024-3284-9
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2023-12-26，
  
  网络首发：2024-03-28，
  
  纸质出版：2025-03-01
- Accepted：
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Microplastics in the seawater of the Beibu Gulf, the northern South China Sea: occurrence, sources, and ecological risk[J]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2025,43(2):406-421.

ZHU Zuhao,SU Qiongyuan,WEI Huihua,et al.Microplastics in the seawater of the Beibu Gulf, the northern South China Sea: occurrence, sources, and ecological risk[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2025,43(02):406-421.
Microplastics in the seawater of the Beibu Gulf, the northern South China Sea: occurrence, sources, and ecological risk[J]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2025,43(2):406-421. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-024-3284-9.

ZHU Zuhao,SU Qiongyuan,WEI Huihua,et al.Microplastics in the seawater of the Beibu Gulf, the northern South China Sea: occurrence, sources, and ecological risk[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2025,43(02):406-421. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-024-3284-9.

摘要

Abstract

In this study

the occurrence

sources

and ecological risk of microplastics (>60 μm) in the surface and bottom seawater were investigated in the Beibu Gulf

the northern South China Sea. The average abundance of microplastics in surface and bottom waters was 1.35±0.93 and 0.79±0.50 items/m³

respectively. Microplastics in both surface and bottom waters were predominantly in the form of fragments

and mostly in green. The composition of microplastics in surface water was primarily poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMA)

whereas in bottom water

polyethylene (PE) dominated. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) modeling revealed that the primary sources of microplastics were pipeline abrasion

fishing activities

plastic waste

landfill disposal

transportation

aquaculture

and construction activities. The pollution load index (PLI) indicated that the overall risk of microplastic pollution in the Beibu Gulf was low. Conversely

the polymer hazard index (PHI) for microplastics was relatively high. These data underscore the importance of timely and effective reduction of human-intensive activities contributing to microplastic pollution and provide valuable information for further research in microplastic ecotoxicology and biogeochemistry.

关键词

Keywords

references

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