Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon <italic style="font-style: italic">Salmo salar</italic>

Shihong XU; Yanfeng WANG; Caixia GAO; Sarath BABU V; Jun LI; Qinghua LIU; Zhizhong XIAO; Yingxuan XU; Chunyan ZHAO; Li LIN; Liang CHI

doi:10.1007/s00343-021-1336-y

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Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Aquaculture and Fisheries | Updated：2023-04-27

- Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
- Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
- 海洋湖沼学报（英文） 2023年41卷第1期页码：364-375
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
  2.College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
  3.Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine Team, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS), Harbin 150069, China
  4.CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
  5.Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
  6.University College London, London WC1 E 6BT, United Kingdom
  7.School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
  8.Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Author bio：
  
  Li LIN, E-mail: linli@zhku.edu.cn
  Liang CHI, E-mail: lchi@qau.edu.cn
- Funds：
  
  the Shandong Province Key Research and Invention Program(2017CXGC010K);the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-47);the National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFD0901204);the National Infrastructure of Fishery Germplasm Resource(2019DKA30470);the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(2018SDKJ0502-2);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872606);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572657);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1701233);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31402283);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31802319);the Department of Agriculture and Rural Areas of Guangdong Province(KA1911101);the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2018BC053);the Major Agricultural Application Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(SD2019YY011);the Major Science and Technology for Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects(2019JZZY020710);© Chinese Society for Oceanology and Limnology, Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material (Supplementary Fig.S1) is available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-021-1336-y.
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-021-1336-y
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2021-10-31，
  
  录用：2021-11-11，
  
  网络首发：2021-12-08，
  
  纸质出版：2023-01
- Accepted：
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Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar[J]. 海洋湖沼学报（英文）, 2023,41(1):364-375.

Shihong XU, Yanfeng WANG, Caixia GAO, et al. Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2023, 41(1): 364-375.
Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar[J]. 海洋湖沼学报（英文）, 2023,41(1):364-375. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-021-1336-y.

Shihong XU, Yanfeng WANG, Caixia GAO, et al. Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2023, 41(1): 364-375. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-021-1336-y.

摘要

Abstract

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is one of most important factors which affect wide range physiologic features of fish

including immune responses and intestinal bacterial community. However

the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. To address this question

the intestinal bacterial community compositions and the immune features of Atlantic salmon (

Salmo salar

) grown in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) were characterized. Fish were reared under different DO saturation levels

e.g.

200% saturation named high group (H)

100% saturation named control group (CK)

and 60% saturation named lower group (L). Large variations in the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) frequency distribution for the intestinal bacterial community of Atlantic salmon were observed. The intestinal bacterial community of all groups was dominated mainly by three phyla

e.g.

Proteobacteria

Firmicutes

and

Bacteroidetes

. Interestingly

Acinetobacter baumannii

an opportunistic pathogen of salmon was increased significantly in L group. We further monitored the immunity features of fish under different DO levels. The results show that leucocyte number

cortisol level

the expressions of interleukin-1

(IL-1

)

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like protein 2 (NOD2) were higher at significant levels in the L group than those in the other two groups. TLR4 and NOD2 are usually related with the bacterial infections; therefore

it is reasonable to believe that the stronger immune responses observed in the L group might be related with the higher abundance of

baumannii

in the intestine of Atlantic salmon. Overall

these findings demonstrated that low DO level may induce stronger immunity responses in Atlantic salmon.

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Keywords

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Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Effects of dissolved oxygen on intestinal bacterial community and immunity of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

DOI：10.1007/s00343-021-1336-y

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references