Toxicity variability in <italic style="font-style: italic">Alexandrium</italic> <italic style="font-style: italic">pacificum</italic> isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity

Xuexia ZHU; Tianchi YIN; Min PANG; Jun WANG

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Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity

Ecology | Updated：2025-02-19

- Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity
- Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity
- 海洋湖沼学报(英文) 2025年43卷第1期页码：147-158
- Affiliations：
  
  1.The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Qingdao 266061, China
  2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  3.College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- Author bio：
  
  junwang1990@yzu.edu.cn
- Funds：
  
  the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101290;52009082);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210364);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(B220202044)
- DOI：
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2024-02-21，
  
  纸质出版：2025-01-01
- Accepted：
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Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity[J]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2025,43(1):147-158.

ZHU Xuexia,YIN Tianchi,PANG Min,et al.Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2025,43(01):147-158.
Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity[J]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2025,43(1):147-158. DOI：

ZHU Xuexia,YIN Tianchi,PANG Min,et al.Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2025,43(01):147-158. DOI：

摘要

Abstract

Suitable tempera

ture and light intensity play important roles in the formation of harmful algae blooms (HABs)

which can pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this study

we measured the growth

physiological function

and paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) production of

Alexandrium

pacificum

(CCMA-272)

a strain isolated from East China Sea

at different temperatures (15

and 25 °‍‍C) and light intensities (30

and 90 μmol photons/(m

·s)). Results indicate that temperature and light intensity significantly affected the growth

physiology

and toxigenic potentials of

pacificum

. The optimal conditions for the growth of

pacificum

were observed at 20 °‍‍C under 60 μmol photons/(m

·s). Regarding the production of PSTs

this strain of

pacificum

produced 12 PSTs

including carbamate toxins: saxitoxin (STX)

neosaxitoxin (NEO)

and gonyautoxin 1‍‍‍–‍4 (GTX1

GTX2

GTX3

GTX4); dicarbamoyl toxins: dicarbamoylsaxitoxin (dcSTX)

dicarbamoylgonyautoxin 2

3 (dcGTX2

dcGTX3); and N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins: N-sulfocarbamoylgonyautoxin 1

2 (C1

C2)

and gonyautoxin 5 (GTX5). Among all the PSTs

C2 was the most abundant. Low temperature (15 °‍‍C) and high light intensity (90 μmol photons/(m

·s)) were beneficial for the production of PSTs in

pacificum

. When cultured at 20 and 25 °‍‍C

pacificum

generated comparable total quantities of PSTs

yet the toxicity levels were lower at 25 °‍‍C. Intra-cellular PSTs contents were greater than extra-cellular PSTs contents

except those under the condition of 25 °‍‍C with 30 μmol photons/(m

·s). However

as the increase of temperature

pacificum

released more amounts of analogues with higher toxicity levels (e.‍g.

STX and dcGTX

) into the environment than intracellular

ly. These findings emphasize the significant sensitivity of

pacificum

to temperature and light intensity

highlighting the importance of evaluating both intra-cellular and extra-cellular PSTs for assessing its toxicity and aiding in the prediction and management of HABs.

关键词

Keywords

references

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Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity

Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea: impact of temperature and light intensity

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