Impact of seepage flow on sediment resuspension by internal solitary waves: parameterization and mechanism

Zhuangcai TIAN; Chao LIU; Ziyin REN; Xiujun GUO; Mingwei ZHANG; Xiuhai WANG; Lei SONG; Yonggang JIA

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Impact of seepage flow on sediment resuspension by internal solitary waves: parameterization and mechanism

Marine ecological environment and its response to marine dynamic processesin the South China Sea | Updated：2024-10-12

- Impact of seepage flow on sediment resuspension by internal solitary waves: parameterization and mechanism
- Impact of seepage flow on sediment resuspension by internal solitary waves: parameterization and mechanism
- 海洋湖沼学报(英文) 2023年41卷第2期页码：444-457
- Affiliations：
  
  1.State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
  2.Key Laboratory of Coastal Science and Integrated Management, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
  3.Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Author bio：
  
  zhuangcaitian@163.com
  yonggang@ouc.edu.cn
- Funds：
  
  the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210527);the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Coastal Science and Integrated Management, Ministry of Natural Resources(2021COSIMQ002);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42107158;41831280);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021QN1096)
- DOI：
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2022-01-08，
  
  纸质出版：2023-03-01
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Impact of seepage flow on sediment resuspension by internal solitary waves: parameterization and mechanism[J]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2023,41(2):444-457.

TIAN Zhuangcai,LIU Chao,REN Ziyin,et al.Impact of seepage flow on sediment resuspension by internal solitary waves: parameterization and mechanism[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2023,41(02):444-457.
Impact of seepage flow on sediment resuspension by internal solitary waves: parameterization and mechanism[J]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2023,41(2):444-457. DOI：

TIAN Zhuangcai,LIU Chao,REN Ziyin,et al.Impact of seepage flow on sediment resuspension by internal solitary waves: parameterization and mechanism[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2023,41(02):444-457. DOI：

摘要

Abstract

Sediment incipient motion is the first step in sediment resuspension. Previous studies ignored the effect of seepage flow on the mobility of sediment particles and simplified the seabed surface as a rigid boundary. A flume experiment was designed to innovatively divide the seabed into two parts to control the dynamic response of the seabed and control the seepage conditions. In the experiment

the seabed sediments and the amplitude of internal solitary waves (ISWs) were changed to compare and analyze the impact of seepage flow on the sediment resuspension by shoaling ISWs. Moreover

parametric research and verification were carried out. Results indicate that seepage flow can greatly influence fine sand

promote sediment resuspension

and increase the amount of suspension by two times on average. However

seepage flow had a little effect on the suspension of clayey silt and sandy silt. Besides

seepage force was added to the traditional gravity

drag force

and uplift force

and the parameterization of threshold starting shear stress of coarse-grained sediments was developed. The results of this parameterization were verified

and seepage force was critical to parameterization. The threshold starting shear stress was reduced by 54.6% after increasing the seepage force. The physical mechanism of this process corresponded to the vertical reciprocating transient seepage in and out the seabed interface caused by the wave-induced transient excess pore water pressure. This quantitative study on seepage flow for shear stress of coarse-grained sediments induced by ISWs is critical to geohazard assessment.

关键词

Keywords

references

Aghsaee P , Boegman L . 2015 . Experimental investigation of sediment resuspension beneath internal solitary waves of depression . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 120 ( 5 ): 3301 - 3314 , https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010401 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010401 .

Aghsaee P , Boegman L , Diamessis P J et al . 2012 . Boundary-layer-separation-driven vortex shedding beneath internal solitary waves of depression . Journal of Fluid Mechanics , 690 : 321 - 344 , https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.432 https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.432 .

Aghsaee P , Boegman L , Lamb K G . 2010 . Breaking of shoaling internal solitary waves . Journal of Fluid Mechanics , 659 : 289 - 317 , https://doi.org/10.1017/S002211201000248X https://doi.org/10.1017/S002211201000248X .

Alford M H , Peacock T , MacKinnon J A et al . 2015 . The formation and fate of internal waves in the South China Sea . Nature , 521 ( 7550 ): 65 - 69 , https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14399 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14399 .

Arthur R S , Fringer O B . 2014 . The dynamics of breaking internal solitary waves on slopes . Journal of Fluid Mechanics , 761 : 360 - 398 , https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.641 https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.641 .

Arthur R S , Fringer O B . 2016 . Transport by breaking internal gravity waves on slopes . Journal of Fluid Mechanics , 789 : 93 - 126 , https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.723 https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.723 .

Baldock T E , Holmes P . 1999 . Seepage effects on sediment transport by waves and currents . In: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Coastal Engineering . ASCE, Copenhagen, Denmark , p. 3601 - 3614 , https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784404119.274 https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784404119.274 .

Boegman L , Stastna M . 2019 . Sediment resuspension and transport by internal solitary waves . Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics , 51 ( 1 ): 129 - 154 , https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-122316-045049 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-122316-045049 .

Cao D P , Chiew Y M . 2014 . Suction effects on sediment transport in closed-conduit flows . Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 140 ( 5 ): 04014008 , https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000833 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000833 .

Carstens T , Brebner A , Kamphuis J W . 1976 . Seabed mobility under vertical pressure gradients . Behavior of off-Shore Structures , 1 : 423 - 438 .

Cavaliere D , La Forgia G , Adduce C et al . 2021 . Breaking location of internal solitary waves over a sloping seabed . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 126 ( 2 ): e2020 JC 016669 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016669 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016669 .

Chen W Y , Chen G X , Chen W et al . 2019 . Numerical simulation of the nonlinear wave-induced dynamic response of anisotropic poro-elastoplastic seabed . Marine Georesources & Geotechnology , 37 ( 8 ): 924 - 935 , https://doi.org/10.1080/1064119X.2018.1507064 https://doi.org/10.1080/1064119X.2018.1507064 .

Chien N , Wan Z H . 1999 . Mechanics of sediment transport . ASCE, Reston . https://do 10.1061/9780784404003.fm http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784404003.fm

Dou G R , Dou X P , Li T L . 2001 . Incipient motion of sediment by waves . Science in China Series E: Technological Sciences , 44 ( 3 ): 309 - 318 , https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02916708 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02916708 .

Du H , Wang S D , Wang X L et al . 2021 . Experimental investigation of elevation internal solitary wave propagation over a ridge . Physics of Fluids , 33 ( 4 ): 042108 , https://doi.‍org/10.1063/5.0046407 https://doi.‍org/10.1063/5.0046407 . https://do 10.1063/5.0046407 http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0046407

Du H , Wei G , Wang S D et al . 2019 . Experimental study of elevation- and depression-type internal solitary waves generated by gravity collapse . Physics of Fluids , 31 ( 10 ): 102104 , https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121556 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121556 .

Friedrichs M , Graf G , van Duren L A . 2006 . Bio-fluid-dynamics: exchange processes at the sediment-water interface . Journal of Sea Research , 55 ( 1 ): 1 - 2 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2005.10.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2005.10.008 .

Guo Z , Jeng D S , Zhao H Y et al . 2019 . Effect of seepage flow on sediment incipient motion around a free spanning pipeline . Coastal Engineering , 143 : 50 - 62 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2018.10.012 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2018.10.012 .

Hoque M A , Asano T . 2007 . Numerical study on wave-induced filtration flow across the beach face and its effects on swash zone sediment transport . Ocean Engineering , 34 ( 14-15 ): 2033 - 2044 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2007.02.004 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2007.02.004 . https://do 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2007.02.004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2007.02.004

La Forgia G , Adduce C , Falcini F et al . 2019 . Migrating bedforms generated by solitary waves . Geophysical Research Letters , 46 ( 9 ): 4738 - 4746 , https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2019GL082511 https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2019GL082511 . https://do 10.1029/2019gl082511 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019gl082511

La Forgia G , Adduce C , Falcini F . 2018a . Laboratory investigation on internal solitary waves interacting with a uniform slope . Advances in Water Resources , 120 : 4 - 18 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.07.027 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.07.027 . https://do 10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.07.027 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.07.027

La Forgia G , Cavaliere D , Adduce C et al . 2021 . Mixing efficiency for breaking internal solitary waves . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 126 ( 6 ): e2021 JC 017275 , https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2021JC017275 https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2021JC017275 . https://do 10.1029/2021jc017275 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2021jc017275

La Forgia G , Tokyay T , Adduce C et al . 2018b . Numerical investigation of breaking internal solitary waves . Physical Review Fluids , 3 ( 10 ): 104801 , https://doi.‍org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.104801 https://doi.‍org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.104801 .

La Forgia G , Tokyay T , Adduce C et al . 2020 . Bed shear stress and sediment entrainment potential for breaking of internal solitary waves . Advances in Water Resources , 135 : 103475 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2019.103475 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2019.103475 . https://do 10.1016/j.advwatres.2019.103475 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2019.103475

Lien R C , Henyey F , Ma B et al . 2014 . Large-amplitude internal solitary waves observed in the Northern South China Sea: properties and energetics . Journal of Physical Oceanography , 44 ( 4 ): 1095 - 1115 , https://doi.‍org/10.1175/JPO-D-13-088.1 https://doi.‍org/10.1175/JPO-D-13-088.1 . https://do 10.1175/jpo-d-13-088.1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-13-088.1

Lu Y , Chiew Y M , Cheng N S . 2008 . Review of seepage effects on turbulent open-channel flow and sediment entrainment . Journal of Hydraulic Research , 46 ( 4 ): 476 - 488 , https://doi.‍org/10.3826/jhr.2008.2942 https://doi.‍org/10.3826/jhr.2008.2942 . https://do 10.3826/jhr.2008.2942 http://dx.doi.org/10.3826/jhr.2008.2942

Ma X C , Yan J , Hou Y J et al . 2016 . Footprints of obliquely incident internal solitary waves and internal tides near the shelf break in the northern South China Sea . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 121 ( 12 ): 8706 - 8719 , https://doi.‍org/10.1002/2016JC012009 https://doi.‍org/10.1002/2016JC012009 . https://do 10.1002/2016jc012009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016jc012009

Malarkey J , Baas J H , Hope J A et al . 2015 . The pervasive role of biological cohesion in bedform development . Nature Communications , 6 : 6257 , https://doi.‍org/10.1038/ncomms7257 https://doi.‍org/10.1038/ncomms7257 . https://do 10.1038/ncomms7257 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7257

Manning A J , Baugh J V , Spearman J R et al . 2010 . Flocculation settling characteristics of mud: sand mixtures . Ocean Dynamics , 60 ( 2 ): 237 - 253 , https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s10236-009-0251-0 https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s10236-009-0251-0 . https://do 10.1007/s10236-009-0251-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10236-009-0251-0

Manning A J , Baugh J V , Spearman J R et al . 2011 . The settling dynamics of flocculating mud-sand mixtures: part 1-empirical algorithm development . Ocean Dynamics , 61 ( 2 ): 311 - 350 , https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s10236-011-0394-7 https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s10236-011-0394-7 . https://do 10.1007/s10236-011-0394-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10236-011-0394-7

Manning A J , Schoellhamer D H . 2013 . Factors controlling floc settling velocity along a longitudinal estuarine transect . Marine Geology , 345 : 266 - 280 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.018 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.018 . https://do 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.018

Myrhaug D , Holmedal L E , Ong M C . 2014 . A rational approach to seepage flow effects on bottom friction beneath random waves . Applied Ocean Research , 47 : 322 - 328 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.apor.2014.06.008 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.apor.2014.06.008 . https://do 10.1016/j.apor.2014.06.008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2014.06.008

Nakayama K , Sato T , Shimizu K et al . 2019 . Classification of internal solitary wave breaking over a slope . Physical Review Fluids , 4 ( 1 ): 014801 , https://doi.‍org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.014801 https://doi.‍org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.014801 . https://do 10.1103/physrevfluids.4.014801 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevfluids.4.014801

Nielsen P , Robert S , Møller-Christiansen B et al . 2001 . Infiltration effects on sediment mobility under waves . Coastal Engineering , 42 ( 2 ): 105 - 114 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/S0378-3839(00)00051-X https://doi.‍org/10.1016/S0378-3839(00)00051-X . https://do 10.1016/s0378-3839(00)00051-x http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3839(00)00051-x

Olsthoorn J , Stastna M , Soontiens N . 2012 . Fluid circulation and seepage in lake sediment due to propagating and trapped internal waves . Water Resources Research , 48 ( 11 ): W11520 , https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2012WR012552 https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2012WR012552 . https://do 10.1029/2012wr012552 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012wr012552

Parsons D R , Schindler R J , Hope J A et al . 2016 . The role of biophysical cohesion on subaqueous bed form size . Geophysical Research Letters , 43 ( 4 ): 1566 - 1573 , https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL067667 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL067667 .

Precht E , Huettel M . 2004 . Rapid wave-driven advective pore water exchange in a permeable coastal sediment . Journal of Sea Research , 51 ( 2 ): 93 - 107 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.seares.2003.07.003 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.seares.2003.07.003 . https://do 10.1016/j.seares.2003.07.003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2003.07.003

Qiao L Z , Guo X J , Tian Z C et al . 2018 . Experimental analysis of pore pressure characteristics of slope sediments by shoaling internal solitary waves . Haiyang Xuebao , 40 ( 1 ): 68 - 76 , https://doi.‍org/10.3969/j.‍issn.‍0253-4193.2018.01.008. https://doi.‍org/10.3969/j.‍issn.‍0253-4193.2018.01.008. (in Chinese with English abstract)

Reeder D B , Ma B B , Yang Y J . 2011 . Very large subaqueous sand dunes on the upper continental slope in the South China Sea generated by episodic, shoaling deep-water internal solitary waves . Marine Geology , 279 ( 1-4 ): 12 - 18 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.10.009 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.10.009 . https://do 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.10.009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.10.009

Richards C , Bourgault D , Galbraith P S et al . 2013 . Measurements of shoaling internal waves and turbulence in an estuary . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 118 ( 1 ): 273 - 286 , https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2012JC008154 https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2012JC008154 . https://do 10.1029/2012jc008154 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012jc008154

Riedl R J , Huang N , Machan R . 1972 . The subtidal pump: a mechanism of interstitial water exchange by wave action . Marine Biology , 13 ( 3 ): 210 - 221 , https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391379 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391379 .

Rivera-Rosario G A , Diamessis P J , Jenkins J T . 2017 . Bed failure induced by internal solitary waves . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 122 ( 7 ): 5468 - 5485 , https://doi.‍org/10.1002/2017JC012935 https://doi.‍org/10.1002/2017JC012935 . https://do 10.1002/2017jc012935 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017jc012935

Santos I R , Eyre B D , Huettel M . 2012 . The driving forces of porewater and groundwater flow in permeable coastal sediments: a review . Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science , 98 : 1 - 15 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.024 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.024 .

Sekiguchi H , Kita K , Okamoto O . 1995 . Response of poro-elastoplastic beds to standing waves . Soils and Foundations , 35 ( 3 ): 31 - 42 , https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.35.31 https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.35.31 .

Shimizu K . 2019 . Fully nonlinear simple internal waves over subcritical slopes in continuously stratified fluids: theoretical development . Physics of Fluids , 31 ( 1 ): 016601 , https://doi.‍org/10.1063/1.5074095 https://doi.‍org/10.1063/1.5074095 . https://do 10.1063/1.5074095 http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5074095

Shum K T , Sundby B . 1996 . Organic matter processing in continental shelf sediments-the subtidal pump revisited . Marine Chemistry , 53 ( 1-2 ): 81 - 87 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/0304-4203(96)00014-X https://doi.‍org/10.1016/0304-4203(96)00014-X . https://do 10.1016/0304-4203(96)00014-x http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(96)00014-x

Spearman J , Manning A J . 2008 . On the significance of mud transport algorithms for the modelling of intertidal flats . Proceedings in Marine Science , 9 : 411 - 430 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/S1568-2692(08)80030-7 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/S1568-2692(08)80030-7 . https://do 10.1016/s1568-2692(08)80030-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1568-2692(08)80030-7

Spearman J R , Manning A J , Whitehouse R J S . 2011 . The settling dynamics of flocculating mud and sand mixtures: part 2-numerical modelling . Ocean Dynamics , 61 ( 2 ): 351 - 370 , https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s10236-011-0385-8 https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s10236-011-0385-8 . https://do 10.1007/s10236-011-0385-8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10236-011-0385-8

Spencer K L , Manning A J , Droppo I G et al . 2010 . Dynamic interactions between cohesive sediment tracers and natural mud . Journal of Soils and Sediments , 10 ( 7 ): 1401 - 1414 , https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s11368-010-0291-6 https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s11368-010-0291-6 . https://do 10.1007/s11368-010-0291-6 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-010-0291-6

Sumer B M , Kirca V S O , Fredsøe J . 2012 . Experimental validation of a mathematical model for seabed liquefaction under waves . International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering , 22 ( 2 ): 133 - 141 .

Sutherland B R , Barrett K J , Ivey G N . 2013 . Shoaling internal solitary waves . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 118 ( 9 ): 4111 - 4124 , https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20291 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20291 .

Tian Z C , Chen T , Yu L et al . 2019a . Penetration depth of the dynamic response of seabed induced by internal solitary waves . Applied Ocean Research , 90 : 101867 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor. 2019.101867 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2019.101867 .

Tian Z C , Guo X J , Qiao L Z et al . 2019b . Experimental investigation of slope sediment resuspension characteristics and influencing factors beneath the internal solitary wave-breaking process . Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment , 78 ( 2 ): 959 - 967 , https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-017-1161-x https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-017-1161-x .

Tian Z C , Jia Y G , Chen J X et al . 2021a . Internal solitary waves induced deep-water nepheloid layers and seafloor geomorphic changes on the continental slope of the northern South China Sea . Physics of Fluids , 33 ( 5 ): 053312 , https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0045124 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0045124 .

Tian Z C , Jia Y G , Du Q Z et al . 2021b . Shearing stress of shoaling internal solitary waves over the slope . Ocean Engineering , 241 : 110046 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.oceaneng https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.oceaneng .

Tian Z C , Jia Y G , Zhang S T et al . 2019c . Bottom and intermediate nepheloid layer induced by shoaling internal solitary waves: impacts of the angle of the wave group velocity vector and slope gradients . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 124 ( 8 ): 5686 - 5699 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014721 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014721 .

Tian Z C , Zhang S T , Guo X J et al . 2019d . Experimental investigation of sediment dynamics in response to breaking high-frequency internal solitary wave packets over a steep slope . Journal of Marine Systems , 199 : 103191 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.103191 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.103191 .

Tzang S Y , Ou S H , Hsu T W . 2009 . Laboratory flume studies on monochromatic wave-fine sandy bed interactions part 2. Sediment suspensions . Coastal Engineering , 56 ( 3 ): 230 - 243 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.‍coastaleng.‍2008.07.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.‍coastaleng.‍2008.07.005 .

Van Rijn L . C . 1993 . Principles of sediment transport in rivers, estuaries and coastal seas . Amsterdam : Aqua publications , 1006 : 11 - 3 , https://doi.org/10.1061/9780872629332.199 https://doi.org/10.1061/9780872629332.199 .

Wang H , Liu H J . 2016 . Evaluation of storm wave-induced silty seabed instability and geo-hazards: a case study in the Yellow River delta . Applied Ocean Research , 58 : 135 - 145 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.apor.2016.03.013 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.apor.2016.03.013 . https://do 10.1016/j.apor.2016.03.013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2016.03.013

Wang H , Liu H J , Wang X H . 2014a . Mechanism of seabed scour and its critical condition estimation by considering seepage forces . Advances in Water Science , 25 ( 1 ): 115 - 121 , https://doi.‍org/10.14042/j.‍cnki.‍32.1309.2014.01.003. https://doi.‍org/10.14042/j.‍cnki.‍32.1309.2014.01.003. (in Chinese with English abstract)

Wang H , Liu H J , Zhang M S . 2014b . Pore pressure response of seabed in standing waves and its mechanism . Coastal Engineering , 91 : 213 - 219 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.‍coastaleng.2014.06.005 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.‍coastaleng.2014.06.005 .

Willetts B B , Drossos M E . 1975 . Local erosion caused by rapid forced infiltration . Journal of Hydraulics Diviaion , 101 ( 12 ): 1477 - 1488 , https://doi.‍org/10.1061/JYCEAJ.0004441 https://doi.‍org/10.1061/JYCEAJ.0004441 . https://do 10.1061/jyceaj.0004441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/jyceaj.0004441

Zhai H L , Jeng D S , Guo Z et al . 2021a . Impact of two-dimensional seepage flow on sediment incipient motion under waves . Applied Ocean Research , 108 : 102510 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.apor.2020.102510 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.apor.2020.102510 .

Zhai H L , Jeng D S , Guo Z et al . 2021b . Modified Shields number for sediment incipient motion around a pile with impact of three-dimensional seepage in a porous seabed . Applied Ocean Research , 117 : 102896 , https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.apor.2021.102896 https://doi.‍org/10.1016/j.apor.2021.102896 .

Zhang S T , Jia Y G , Wen M Z et al . 2017 . Vertical migration of fine-grained sediments from interior to surface of seabed driven by seepage flows-‍‘sub-bottom sediment pump action’ . Journal of Ocean University of China , 16 ( 1 ): 15 - 24 , https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s11802-017-3042-0 https://doi.‍org/10.1007/s11802-017-3042-0 . https://do 10.1007/s11802-017-3042-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11802-017-3042-0

Zhang S T , Jia Y G , Zhang Y Q et al . 2018 . Influence of seepage flows on the erodibility of fluidized silty sediments: parameterization and mechanisms . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 123 ( 5 ): 3307 - 3321 , https://doi.‍org/10.1002/2018JC013805 https://doi.‍org/10.1002/2018JC013805 . https://do 10.1002/2018jc013805 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2018jc013805

Zhang S T , Nielsen P , Perrochet P et al . 2021 . Multiscale superposition and decomposition of field-measured suspended sediment concentrations: implications for extending 1dv models to coastal oceans with advected fine sediments . Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 126 ( 3 ): e16774 , https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2020JC016474 https://doi.‍org/10.1029/2020JC016474 . https://do 10.1029/2020jc016474 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2020jc016474

Zhao H Y , Jeng D S . 2015 . Numerical study of wave-induced soil response in a sloping seabed in the vicinity of a breakwater . Applied Ocean Research , 51 : 204 - 221 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2015.04.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2015.04.008 .

浏览量

Downloads

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

Submit

工具集

关联资源

Parameterization of turbulent mixing by deep learning in the continental shelf sea east of Hainan Island

Seasonal variability in dissolved oxygen in the Bohai Sea, China

NLS equation of internal waves in weakly stratified ocean

导流锥结构参数对燃气弹射筒内压力冲击平滑效果影响研究

增广预测模型的航空发动机多变量约束预测控制