Distribution and enrichment of potassium and lithium in Qaidam Basin brine, China

Kai WANG; Mianping ZHENG; Lichun MA; Jiahuan HAN; Yakun WANG

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Distribution and enrichment of potassium and lithium in Qaidam Basin brine, China

Updated：2026-04-07

- Distribution and enrichment of potassium and lithium in Qaidam Basin brine, China
- Distribution and enrichment of potassium and lithium in Qaidam Basin brine, China
- 海洋湖沼学报(英文) 2026年页码：1-16
- Affiliations：
  
  1.School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
  2.MNR Key Laboratory of Saline Lake Resources and Environment, Institute of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Beijing 100037, China
  3.College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
  4.School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
- Author bio：
  
  zhengmp2010@126.com
- Funds：
  
  the China Geological Survey Project(DD20230037);the Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co., Ltd. (No. CG-[2022]-HX-S007)
- DOI：
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-07-01，
  
  网络首发：2026-04-07，
- Accepted：
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Kai WANG, Mianping ZHENG, Lichun MA, 等. Distribution and enrichment of potassium and lithium in Qaidam Basin brine, China[J/OL]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2026,1-16.

WANG Kai,ZHENG Mianping,MA Lichun,et al.Distribution and enrichment of potassium and lithium in Qaidam Basin brine, China[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,
Kai WANG, Mianping ZHENG, Lichun MA, 等. Distribution and enrichment of potassium and lithium in Qaidam Basin brine, China[J/OL]. 海洋湖沼学报(英文), 2026,1-16. DOI：

WANG Kai,ZHENG Mianping,MA Lichun,et al.Distribution and enrichment of potassium and lithium in Qaidam Basin brine, China[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, DOI：.

摘要

Abstract

Qaidam Basin

located in the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau with high-mountain and deep-valley tectonic setting

is rich in mineral resources of many critical elements of mainly potassium (K)

lithium (Li)

magnesium (Mg)

sodium (Na)

uranium (U)

and boron (B) leading the nation in these categories. To clarify the distribution and enrichment of potassium and lithium in Qaidam Basin brine

hydrochemical analyses and phase diagrams were carried out on brine water

salt spring water

and inflow river water. Results reveal that paleo-lake water migrated from the northwest to the Triple-lake region in an inverted S-shaped pattern under the control of gravitation. Due to the chemical differentiation

K shows an enrichment trend along the migration path from the northwest to the Triple-lake region

whereas Li is predominantly concentrated in East Taijinar (Dongtai)

West Taijinar (Xitai) Lake

and Bieletan mining section in the lower catchments of Nalingele River. The Cl-SO

type of brines are widely distributed along the migration pathway. However

river water influx has shifted the hydrochemical type of Dongtai and Xitai lakes and Bieletan section into Na-HCO

-SO

type. Salt spring that distributed along faults contribute a large amount of Ca

and Mg elements

thus turn water into Ca-Cl type. Glacial meltwater

after leaching granite and other rock

serves as the primary source of K

and Ca-Cl-typed salt springs are the significant source of both K and Li. These springs have modified the brine chemistry compositions and increased K and Li concentrations in Mahai Lake

Qarhan Salt Lake

and Dalangtan Salt Lake. This systematic analysis of K and Li distribution and enrichment mechanisms provides critical insights for the sustainable exploitation of brine resources in the Qaidam Basin.

关键词

Keywords

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