Mechanisms of upper ocean chlorophyll <italic style="font-style: italic">a</italic> response to fast-moving Typhoon Hagupit in South China Sea

Haoyu WANG; Bing YANG; Yuqi YIN; Po HU

doi:10.1007/s00343-025-5018-z

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Mechanisms of upper ocean chlorophyll a response to fast-moving Typhoon Hagupit in South China Sea

Physics | Updated：2026-05-07

- Mechanisms of upper ocean chlorophyll a response to fast-moving Typhoon Hagupit in South China Sea
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 44, Issue 2, Pages: 528-544(2026)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Forecasting, Qingdao 266071, China
  2.Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
  3.Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, Institute of Oceanology, Qingdao 266071, China
  4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Author bio：
  
  yangbing@qdio.ac.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-025-5018-z
  CLC：
- Received：17 January 2025，
  
  Accepted：09 March 2025，
  
  Online First：06 June 2025，
  
  Published：01 March 2026
- Accepted：
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WANG Haoyu,YANG Bing,YIN Yuqi,et al.Mechanisms of upper ocean chlorophyll ,a response to fast-moving Typhoon Hagupit in South China Sea[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2026,44(02):528-544.
DOI：

WANG Haoyu,YANG Bing,YIN Yuqi,et al.Mechanisms of upper ocean chlorophyll ,a response to fast-moving Typhoon Hagupit in South China Sea[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2026,44(02):528-544. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-025-5018-z.

摘要

Abstract

Typhoons can induce significant changes in the upper ocean

increasing sea surface nutrients via mixing

entrainment

and upwelling

which often leads to a substantial phytoplankton bloom in an oligotrophic region of the South China Sea (SCS)

subsequently triggers carbon cycling and ecosystem responses

and enhances local marine primary productivity. Using a coupled physical-biogeochemical model

we analyzed the dynamic and ecological responses of the shelf region near the Dongsha Islands in the SCS caused by the fast-moving Typhoon Hagupit

and investigated the underlying mechanisms of sea surface chlorophyll-

increase. Results indicate that after Hagupit

sea surface temperature along the typhoon path rapidly decreased by maximum of 5.2 °C

and the chlorophyll

along the typhoon path increased. In the shelf region near the Dongsha Islands

the sea surface chlorophyll

increased from 0.07 mg/m

(weekly average) to 0.14 mg/m

after Hagupit. The maximum increase reached 0.16 mg/m

occurred 6 days after Hagupit

which is more than twice the average concentration before the typhoon. In contrast

the subsurface chlorophyll

decreased from 0.18 to

0.10 mg/m

. Power spectral analysis of horizontal velocity indicated that Hagupit triggered strong near-inertial waves (NIWs)

which had a period of approximately 31.45 h

slightly greater than the local inertial period

and lasted for about one week. Therefore

we believed that while fast-moving typhoons cannot induce strong Ekman pumping velocity (EPV) as slow-moving ones do

they can trigger NIWs. The NIWs enhanced turbulent mixing in the upper 60 m

causing directly a rapid increase in sea surface chlorophyll

and nutrients after the typhoon. Two to three days later

the nitrates uptake by sea surface phytoplankton increased

promoting phytoplankton growth. Therefore

the variability in upper-ocean chlorophyll

induced by fast-moving typhoons involves not only strong dynamic processes but also significant participation of marine biological processes.

关键词

Keywords

references

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Mechanisms of upper ocean chlorophyll a response to fast-moving Typhoon Hagupit in South China Sea

DOI：10.1007/s00343-025-5018-z

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references