Characteristics and evolution of mass-transport complex since Late Miocene in the Zengmu and Beikang basins, southern South China Sea

Shuqin HUANG; Ming SU; Haiteng ZHUO; Li ZHANG; Shan LIU; Zhi Lin Ng; Zhixuan LIN; Boda ZHANG; Kunwen LUO; Li’e LIN

doi:10.1007/s00343-024-4145-2

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Characteristics and evolution of mass-transport complex since Late Miocene in the Zengmu and Beikang basins, southern South China Sea

Geology | Updated：2025-08-07

- Characteristics and evolution of mass-transport complex since Late Miocene in the Zengmu and Beikang basins, southern South China Sea
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 43, Issue 4, Pages: 1143-1159(2025)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519083, China
  2.Guangzhou Marine Geology Survey, China Geological Survey, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510760, China
- Author bio：
  
  zhuoht3@mail.sysu.edu.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-024-4145-2
  CLC：
- Received：27 May 2024，
  
  Published：01 July 2025
- Accepted：
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HUANG Shuqin,SU Ming,ZHUO Haiteng,et al.Characteristics and evolution of mass-transport complex since Late Miocene in the Zengmu and Beikang basins, southern South China Sea[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2025,43(04):1143-1159.
DOI：

HUANG Shuqin,SU Ming,ZHUO Haiteng,et al.Characteristics and evolution of mass-transport complex since Late Miocene in the Zengmu and Beikang basins, southern South China Sea[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2025,43(04):1143-1159. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-024-4145-2.

摘要

Abstract

Focusing on the Zengmu-Beikang Basin in the southern South China Sea

we summarized the regional sequence stratigraphic framework and identified mass-transport complex (MTC) that had developed since the Late Miocene (10.5 Ma)

by using high-resolution multibeam bathymetric and 2D seismic datasets. Based on the analysis of high amplitude and continuous seismic reflections within the mass-transport deposits (MTDs)

we identified 14 basal shear surfaces (BSS) and divided the MTC into 14 units (MTD1–MTD14 from the youngest to the oldest in numerical order). Two types of seismic facies and five seismic features within the MTDs were recognized

including chaotic and transparent facies (debris flow)

chaotic and semi-transparent facies (debris flow)

thrust-fold systems

blocks

escarpments

pressure ridges

and normal faults. Analysis of the depositional area

frequency

and vertical extent of the escarpments of the fourteen MTD units revealed their variations in dimensions. Specifically

MTD14–MTD4 exhibited a gradual increase in the size of the deposition unit

with larger-sized MTD7–MTD4; while MTD3–MTD1 showed a gradual decrease in the size. The evolution of the MTDs in the study area is primarily controlled by several factors

including erosion of mass-movement processes (e.g.

slide

slump

and mass flows)

sea-level fluctuation and sediment supply

tectonic activity

development of mud diapirs

and topographic influence. It is also plausible that the large-sized MTD7–MTD4 might be formed in the Pliocene due to steep slope gradient and instability caused by the development of mud diapirs

whereas in the Quaternary

the influence of mud diapirs in the shallow strata diminished

and smaller-sized MTD3–MTD1 were formed.

关键词

Keywords

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