Standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton are strongly regulated by the turbidity maximum in the macrotidal Qiantang River estuary-Hangzhou Bay

Lin ZHAN; Yuanli ZHU; Chaoxiang XU; Wei DU; Zhi YANG; Yulu JIANG; Kangning JIA; Ping DU; Chenhua HAN; Wei HUANG; Jiangning ZENG; Zhibing JIANG

doi:10.1007/s00343-024-4133-6

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Standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton are strongly regulated by the turbidity maximum in the macrotidal Qiantang River estuary-Hangzhou Bay

Ecology | Updated：2025-08-07

- Standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton are strongly regulated by the turbidity maximum in the macrotidal Qiantang River estuary-Hangzhou Bay
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 43, Issue 4, Pages: 1227-1242(2025)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
  2.Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Marine Academy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
  3.Key Laboratory of Nearshore Engineering Environment and Ecological Security of Zhejiang Province, China, Hangzhou 310012, China
  4.Observation and Research Station of Marine Ecosystem in the Yangtze River Delta, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
- Author bio：
  
  jzb@sio.org.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-024-4133-6
  CLC：
- Received：27 May 2024，
  
  Published：01 July 2025
- Accepted：
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ZHAN Lin,ZHU Yuanli,XU Chaoxiang,et al.Standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton are strongly regulated by the turbidity maximum in the macrotidal Qiantang River estuary-Hangzhou Bay[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2025,43(04):1227-1242.
DOI：

ZHAN Lin,ZHU Yuanli,XU Chaoxiang,et al.Standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton are strongly regulated by the turbidity maximum in the macrotidal Qiantang River estuary-Hangzhou Bay[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2025,43(04):1227-1242. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-024-4133-6.

摘要

Abstract

The turbidity maximum zone (TMZ) is a distinctive aquatic environment marked by consistently higher turbidity compared to upstream and downstream section. In the TMZ

physicochemical properties such as intense light limitation

abundant nutrients

and rapid salinity shifts play a crucial role in shaping phytoplankton dynamics. The Qiantang River estuary-Hangzhou Bay (QRE-HZB) is a macrotidal estuary system known for its exceptionally high suspended solids concentration. To investigate the impact of TMZ on the standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton in the QRE-HZB

we conducted three cruises in dry

wet

and dry-to-wet transition seasons during 2022–2023

by assessing parameters including size-fractionated chlorophyll

(chl

)

turbidity

Secchi depth

temperature

salinity

nutrients

and mesozooplankton. Results reveal significant variations in the TMZ and associated environmental factors in different periods

which markedly influenced the phytoplankton chl-

concentration

size structure

and cell activity (pheophytin/chl

). The chl-

concentration was high with micro-phytoplankton predominance in wet season

while nano-phytoplankton dominated in dry season. Within the TMZ

lower chl-

concentrations and pico-chl-

contributions

alongside higher pheophytin/chl-

and micro-chl-

contributions

were observed. The Spearman’s rank correlation and generalized additive model analyses indicated strong correlations of chl-

concentrations wi

th turbidity

nutrients

and mesozooplankton. Redundancy analysis further revealed that salinity

nutrients

and turbidity significantly regulated variations in size structure. Phytoplankton mortality within the TMZ was primarily driven by high turbidity and salinity fluctuations

reflecting the vigorous resuspension and mixing of freshwater and seawater in the QRE-HZB. These findings highlight that the standing crop and size structure of phytoplankton were strongly regulated by the TMZ and associated physicochemical factors in the macrotidal QRE-HZB.

关键词

Keywords

references

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