Phytoplankton community dynamics during <italic style="font-style: italic">Alexandrium</italic> blooms in 2019 off the Qinhuangdao coast, Bohai Sea, China

Yixuan XIE; Renye DING; Daojun ZHA; Yu LI; Guowang YAN; Yaya ZHANG; Haiyan WU; Guanchao ZHENG; Zhijun TAN; Tao JIANG

doi:10.1007/s00343-022-1375-z

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Phytoplankton community dynamics during Alexandrium blooms in 2019 off the Qinhuangdao coast, Bohai Sea, China

Bloom dynamics | Updated：2023-05-20

- Phytoplankton community dynamics during Alexandrium blooms in 2019 off the Qinhuangdao coast, Bohai Sea, China
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 40, Issue 6, Pages: 2416-2429(2022)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.School of Marine Technology and Geomaties, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
  2.School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
  3.Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Author bio：
  
  Zhijun TAN, E-mail: tanzj@ysfri.ac.cn
  Tao JIANG, E-mail: jiangtaophy@163.com
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-022-1375-z
  CLC：
- Received：09 November 2021，
  
  Accepted：05 January 2022，
  
  Online First：08 April 2022，
  
  Published：2022-11
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Yixuan XIE, Renye DING, Daojun ZHA, et al. Phytoplankton community dynamics during Alexandrium blooms in 2019 off the Qinhuangdao coast, Bohai Sea, China[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2022, 40(6): 2416-2429.
DOI：

Yixuan XIE, Renye DING, Daojun ZHA, et al. Phytoplankton community dynamics during Alexandrium blooms in 2019 off the Qinhuangdao coast, Bohai Sea, China[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2022, 40(6): 2416-2429. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-022-1375-z.

摘要

Abstract

Alexandrium

blooms in the northwest area of the Bohai Sea (Qinhuangdao coastal area)

China

produce large amounts of toxins that could be enriched in shellfish and consequently harm human bodies. To understand the succession of the phytoplankton community structure during

Alexandrium

bloom events in the northwest area of the Bohai Sea off Qinhuangdao from April 2 to May 7

2019

microscopy observations and high-performance chromatography (HPLC)-pigment analysis were performed. Sixty species of phytoplankton were identified

mainly diatoms and dinoflagellates. The abundance of

Alexandrium

reached the maximum on April 16 (3.3×10

cells/L). HPLC-pigment CHEMTAX analysis showed that the phytoplankton community was composed mainly of diatoms

dinoflagellates

prasinophytes

and cryptophytes. Diatoms were the main contributor to the total Chl-

pool. There was a downward trend for the proportion of diatom biomass to the total Chl-

pool

followed by an upward trend. The proportion of dinoflagellate biomass showed the opposite trend

whereas that of the prasinophyte biomass presented an obvious increasing trend. Temperature

nutrients

and nutrient structures were the main factors on the distribution of different phytoplankton groups in the study area as shown in the redundancy analysis. This work illustrates the succession of phytoplankton community structures during

Alexandrium

blooms and provided a theoretical basis for studies on the mechanism underlying the outbreak of harmful algal blooms in sea areas.

关键词

Keywords

references

Agirbas E, Feyzioglu A M, Kopuz U et al. 2015. Phytoplankton community composition in the south-eastern Black Sea determined with pigments measured by HPLC-CHEMTAX analyses and microscopy cell counts. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 95 (1): 35-52, https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531541401040..

Álvarez-Góngora C, Herrera-Silveira J A. 2006. Variations of phytoplankton community structure related to water quality trends in a tropical karstic coastal zone. Marine Pollution Bulletin , 52 (1): 48-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.08.006..

Anderson D M, Glibert P M, Burkholder J M. 2002. Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication: nutrient sources, composition, and consequences. Estuaries , 25 (4): 704-726, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225519007..

Anderson D M, Kulis D M, Qi Y Z et al. 1996. Paralytic shellfish poisoning in southern China. Toxicon , 34 (5): 579-590, https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(95)001581..

Anderson D. 2014. HABs in a changing world: a perspective on harmful algal blooms, their impacts, and research and management in a dynamic era of climactic and environmental change. Harmful Algae 2012 , 2012 : 3-17..

Anglès S, Garcès E, Reñé A et al. 2012. Life-cycle alternations in Alexandrium minutum natural populations from the NW Mediterranean Sea. Harmful Algae , 16 : 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2011.12.006..

Azanza R V, Taylor F J R M. 2001. Are Pyrodinium blooms in the Southeast Asian region recurring and spreading? A view at the end of the millennium. Ambio : A Journal of the Human Environment , 30 (6): 356-364, https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-30.6.356..

Banse K. 1982. Cell volumes, maximal growth rates of unicellular algae and ciliates, and the role of ciliates in the marine pelagial. Limnology and Oceanography , 27 (6): 1059-1071, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1982.27.6.1059..

Cao C H, Sun Z N, Wang X K et al. 2006. Preliminary study on net-phytoplankton community structure and red tide causative species in Tianjin Sea Area, Bohai Sea. Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology , 21 (3): 34-37. (in Chinese with English abstract).

Chang F H, Anderson D M, Kulis D M et al. 1997. Toxin production of Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyceae) from the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. Toxicon , 35 (3): 393-409, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0041-0101(96)00168-7..

Chen Y H, Gao Y H, Chen C P et al. 2016. Seasonal variations of phytoplankton assemblages and its relation to environmental variables in a scallop culture sea area of Bohai Bay, China. Marine Pollution Bulletin , 113 (1-2): 362-370, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.10.025..

Costa A, Alio V, Sciortino S et al. 2021. Algal blooms of Alexandrium spp. and paralytic shellfish poisoningtoxicity events in mussels farmed in Sicily. Italian Journal of Food Safety , 10 (1): 9062, https://doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2021.9062..

Cui L, Lu X X, Dong Y L et al. 2018. Relationship between phytoplankton community succession and environmental parameters in Qinhuangdao coastal areas, China: a region with recurrent brown tide outbreaks. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety , 159 : 85-93, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.043..

Dai L, Yu R C, Geng H X et al. 2020. Resting cysts of Alexandrium catenella and A . pacificum (Dinophyceae) inthe Bohai and Yellow Seas, China: abundance, distribution and implications for toxic algal blooms. Harmful Algae , 93 : 101794, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2020.101794..

Das S K, Routh J, Roychoudhury A N et al. 2017. Connecting pigment composition and dissolved trace elements to phytoplankton population in the southern Benguela upwelling zone (St. Helena Bay). Journal of Marine Systems , 176 : 13-23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2017.07.009..

Delgado M, Estrada Miyares M, Camp J et al. 1990. Development of a toxic Alexandrium minutum Halim (Dinophyceae) bloom in the Harbour of Sant Carles de la Ràpita (Ebro Delta, northwestern Mediterranean). Scientia Marina , 54 (1): 1-7..

Ding L, Qiu J B, Li A F. 2017. Proposed biotransformation pathways for new metabolites of paralytic shellfish toxins based on field and experimental mussel samples. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 65 (27): 5494-5502, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02101..

Dortch Q, Whitledge T E. 1992. Does nitrogen or silicon limit phytoplankton production in the Mississippi River plume and nearby regions? Continental Shelf Research , 12 (11): 1293-1309, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(92)90065-R..

Dou Y, Shang J S, Shao P et al. 2020. Frequency of red tides in Bohai Sea and the influence of environmental factors (2000-2016). Journal of Hydroecology , 41 (6): 141-148. (in Chinese with English abstract).

Drira Z, Elloumi J, Guermazi W et al. 2014. Seasonal changes on planktonic diatom communities along an inshore-offshore gradient in the Gulf of Gabes (Tunisia). Acta Ecologica Sinica , 34 (1): 34-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2013.11.005..

Erga S R, Ssebiyonga N, Hamre B et al. 2014. Nutrients and phytoplankton biomass distribution and activity at the Barents Sea Polar Front during summer near Hopen and Storbanken. Journal of Marine Systems , 130 : 181-192, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2012.12.008..

Gao Y, Yu R C, Chen J H et al. 2015. Distribution of Alexandrium fundyense and A . pacificum (Dinophyceae) in the YellowSea and Bohai Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin , 96 : 210-219, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.05.025..

Geraci J R, Anderson D M, Timperi R J et al. 1989. Humpback whales ( Megaptera novaeangliae ) fatally poisoned by dinoflagellate toxin. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 46 (11): 1895-1898, https://doi.org/10.1139/f89-238..

Grenney W J, Bella D A, Curl H C Jr. 1973. A theoretical approach to interspecific competition in phytoplankton communities. American Naturalist , 107 (955): 405-425..

Guo H. 2004. Illustrations of Planktons Responsible for the Blooms in Chinese Coastal Waters. China Ocean Press, Beijing, China. 107p. (in Chinese)

Hallegraeff G M. 1993. A review of harmful algal blooms and their apparent global increase. Phycologia , 32 (2): 79-99, https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-32-2-79.1..

Hattenrath T K, Anderson D M, Gobler C J. 2010. The influence of anthropogenic nitrogen loading and meteorological conditions on the dynamics and toxicity of Alexandrium fundyense blooms in a New York (USA) estuary. Harmful Algae , 9 (4): 402-412, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2010.02.003..

Hunt C D, Borkman D G, Libby P S et al. 2010. Phytoplankton patterns in Massachusetts Bay 1992-2007. Estuaries and Coasts , 33 (2): 448-470, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-008-9125-9..

Ichimi K, Yamasaki M, Okumura Y et al. 2001. The growth and cyst formation of a toxic dinoflagellate, Alexandrium tamarense , at low water temperatures in northeasternJapan. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 261 (1): 17-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(01)00256-8..

Jedlicki A, Fernández G, Astorga M et al. 2012. Molecular detection and species identification of Alexandrium (Dinophyceae) causing harmful algal blooms along the Chilean coastline. AoB Plants , 2012 : pls033, https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/pls033..

Jiang T, Wu G N, Niu P L et al. 2022. Short-term changes in algal blooms and phytoplankton community after the passage of Super Typhoon Lekima in a temperate and inner sea (Bohai Sea) in China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety , 232 : 113223..

Jiang T, Xu Y X, Li Y et al. 2014. Seasonal dynamics of Alexandrium tamarense and occurrence of paralyticshellfish poisoning toxins in bivalves in Nanji Islands, East China Sea. Marine and Freshwater Research , 65 (4): 350-358, https://doi.org/10.1071/MF13001..

Kim Y O, Choi J, Baek S H et al. 2020. Tracking Alexandrium catenella from seed-bed to bloom on the southerncoast of Korea. Harmful Algae , 99 : 101922, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2020.101922..

Kremp A, Lindholm T, Dreßler N et al. 2009. Bloom forming Alexandrium ostenfeldii (Dinophyceae) in shallowwaters of the Åland Archipelago, Northern Baltic Sea. Harmful Algae , 8 (2): 318-328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2008.07.004..

Lin Y T, Jia X P, Yang M L et al. 1999. Paralytic shellfish poison in contaminated shellfish along coast of China. Tropic Oceanology , 18 (1): 90-96. (in Chinese withEnglish abstract).

Lionard M, Muylaert K, Tackx M et al. 2008. Evaluation of the performance of HPLC-CHEMTAX analysis for determining phytoplankton biomass and composition in a turbid estuary (Schelde, Belgium). Estuarine , Coastal and Shelf Science , 76 (4): 809-817, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.08.003..

Liu Y, Yu R C, Kong F Z et al. 2017. Paralytic shellfish toxins in phytoplankton and shellfish samples collected from the Bohai Sea, China. Marine Pollution Bulletin , 115 : 324-331, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.023..

Lu L, Jiang T, Xu Y et al. 2018. Succession of phytoplankton functional groups from spring to early summer in the central Bohai Sea using HPLC-CHEMTAX approaches. Journal of Oceanography , 74 (4): 381-392, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-018-0469-x..

Mackey M D, Mackey D J, Higgins H W et al. 1996. CHEMTAX — a program for estimating class abundances from chemical markers: application to HPLC measurements of phytoplankton. Marine Ecology Progress Series , 144 : 265-283, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps144265..

Maguer J F, Wafar M, Madec C et al. 2004. Nitrogen and phosphorus requirements of an Alexandrium minutum bloom in the Penzé Estuary, France. Limnology and Oceanography , 49 (4): 1108-1114, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2004.49.4.1108..

McGillicuddy D J Jr, Brosnahan M L, Couture D A et al. 2014. A red tide of Alexandrium fundyense in the Gulf of Maine. Deep Sea Research Part II : Topical Studies in Oceanography , 103 : 174-184..

Mendes C R B, Kerr R, Tavano V M et al. 2015. Cross-front phytoplankton pigments and chemotaxonomic groups in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part II : Topical Studies in Oceanography , 118 : 221-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.01.003..

Miranda-Alvarez C, González-Silvera A, Santamaría-Del-angel E et al. 2020. Phytoplankton pigments and community structure in the northeastern tropical pacific using HPLC-CHEMTAX analysis. Journal of Oceanography , 76 (2): 91-108, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-019-00528-3..

Nisbet I C. 1983. Paralytic shellfish poisoning: effects on breeding terns. The Condor , 85 (3): 338-345, https://doi.org/10.2307/1367071..

Nishitani L, Chew K. 1988. PSP toxins in the Pacific coast states: monitoring programs and effects on bivalve industries. Journal of Shellfish Research , 7 (4): 653-669..

Not F, Latasa M, Marie T et al. 2004. A single species, Micromonas pusilla (Prasinophyceae), dominates theeukaryotic picoplankton in the western English Channel. Applied and Environmental Microbiology , 70 (7): 4064-4072, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.7.4064-4072.2004..

Ou L J, Cai Y Y, Jin W Y et al. 2018. Understanding the nitrogen uptake and assimilation of the Chinese strain of Aureococcus anophagefferens (Pelagophyceae). Algal Research , 34 : 182-190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2018.07.019..

Pan H Z, Li A F, Cui Z G et al. 2020. A comparative study of phytoplankton community structure and biomass determined by HPLC-CHEMTAX and microscopic methods during summer and autumn in the central Bohai Sea, China. Marine Pollution Bulletin , 155 : 111172, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111172..

Parsons T R, Harrison P J, Waters R. 1978. An experimental simulation of changes in diatom and flagellate blooms. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecolog y, 32 (3): 285-294, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(78)90122-3..

Pei S F, Laws E A, Zhu Y X et al. 2019. Nutrient dynamics and their interaction with phytoplankton growth during autumn in Liaodong Bay, China. Continental Shelf Research , 186 : 34-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2019.07.012..

Peng S T. 2015. The nutrient, total petroleum hydrocarbon and heavy metal contents in the seawater of Bohai Bay, China: Temporal-spatial variations, sources, pollution statuses, and ecological risks. Marine Pollution Bulletin , 95 (1): 445-451, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.03.032..

Persich G R, Kulis D M, Lilly E L et al. 2006. Probable origin and toxin profile of Alexandrium tamarense (Lebour) Balech from southern Brazil. Harmful Algae , 5 (1): 36-44, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2005.04.002..

Pujari L, Wu C, Kan J J et al. 2019. Diversity and spatial distribution of chromophytic phytoplankton in the Bay of Bengal revealed by RuBisCO Genes ( rbc L). Frontiers in Microbiology , 10 : 1501, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01501..

Raposo M, Botelho M J, Costa S T et al. 2020. A carbamoylase-based bioassay for the detection of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. Sensors , 20 (2): 507, https://doi.org/10.3390/s20020507..

Reynolds C S. 2006. Ecology of phytoplankton. Cambridge University Press, New York, America. p. 1-36.

Sarthou G, Timmermans K R, Blain S et al. 2005. Growth physiology and fate of diatoms in the ocean: a review. Journal of Sea Research , 53 (1-2): 25-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2004.01.007..

Seoane S, Garmendia M, Revilla M et al. 2011. Phytoplankton pigments and epifluorescence microscopy as tools for ecological status assessment in coastal and estuarine waters, within the Water Framework Directive. Marine Pollution Bulletin , 62 (7): 1484-1497, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.04.010..

Shumway S E, Sherman-Caswell S, Hurst J W et al. 1988. Paralytic shellfish poisoning in Maine: monitoring a monster. Journal of Shellfish Research , 7 (4): 643-652..

Strickland J D H, Parsons T R. 1972. Determination of phosphorus. In : Strickland J D H eds. A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis. 2nd edn. Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Press, Ottawa, Canada. p. 123-124.

Townsend D W, Pettigrew N R, Thomas A C. 2001. Offshore blooms of the red tide dinoflagellate, Alexandrium sp., in the Gulf of Maine. Continental Shelf Research , 21 (4): 347-369, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(00)00093-5..

Utermöhl H. 1958. Methods of collecting plankton for various purposes are discussed. SIL Communications , 1953 - 1996 , 9 (1): 1-38, https://doi.org/10.1080/05384680.1958.11904091..

Vila M, Camp J, Garcés E et al. 2001. High resolution spatio-temporal detection of potentially harmful dinoflagellates in confined waters of the NW Mediterranean. Journal of Plankton Research , 23 (5): 497-514, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/23.5.497..

Wang L H, Ou L J, Huang K X et al. 2018. Determination of the spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton community structure in Daya Bay via HPLC-CHEMTAX pigment analysis. Chinese Journal of Oceanology & Limnology , 36 (3): 750-760, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-018-7103-z..

Wasmund N, Tuimala J, Suikkanen S et al. 2011. Long-term trends in phytoplankton composition in the western and central Baltic Sea. Journal of Marine Systems , 87 (2): 145-159, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.03.010..

Wells M L, Karlson B, Wulff A et al. 2020. Future HAB science: directions and challenges in a changing climate. Harmful Algae , 91 : 101632, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2019.101632..

Wright S W, Van Den Enden R L, Pearce I et al. 2010. Phytoplankton community structure and stocks in the Southern Ocean (30-80°E) determined by CHEMTAX analysis of HPLC pigment signatures. Deep Sea Research Part II : Topical Studies in Oceanography , 57 (9-10): 758-778, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.06.015..

Xu S S, Song J M, Li X G et al. 2010. Changes in nitrogen and phosphorus and their effects on phytoplankton in the Bohai Sea. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology , 28 (4): 945-952, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-010-0005-3..

Xu X, Yu Z M, He L Y et al. 2017. Nano- and microphytoplankton community characteristics in brown tide bloom—prone waters of the Qinhuangdao coast, Bohai Sea, China. Science China Earth Sciences , 60 (6): 1189-1200, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-017-9036-0..

Yan G W, Jiang T, Zhang Y Y et al. 2020. Determining temporal and spatial distribution of autotrophic picoplankton community composition through HPLC-pigment method and flow cytometry in the central Bohai Sea (China). Marine Pollution Bulletin , 157 : 111261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111261..

Yang J R, Pick F R, Hamilton P B. 1996. Changes in the planktonic diatom flora of a large mountain lake in response to fertilization. Journal of Phycology , 32 (2): 232-243, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1996.00232.x..

Yang S M, Dong S G. 2006. Illustrations of Common Planktonic Diatoms in Chinese Seas. China Ocean University Press, Qingdao, China. 267p. (in Chinese)

Yang S M, Li R X, Dong S G. 2019. Dinoflagellates in the China's Seas Ⅲ (Peridiniales). Ocean Press, Beijing, China. 211p. (in Chinese)

Yu R C, Zhang Q C, Liu Y et al. 2021. The dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella producing only carbamate toxinsmay account for the seafood poisonings in Qinhuangdao, China. Harmful Algae , 103 : 101980, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2021.101980..

Zapata M, Rodríguez F, Garrido J L. 2000. Separation of chlorophylls and carotenoids from marine phytoplankton: a new HPLC method using a reversed phase C 8 column and pyridine-containing mobile phases. Marine Ecology Progress Series , 195 (3): 29-45, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps195029..

Zhai H C, Ning X R, Tang X X et al. 2011. Phytoplankton pigment patterns and community composition in the northern South China Sea during winter. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology , 29 (2): 233-245, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-011-0111-x..

Zhang J, Yu Z G, Raabe T et al. 2004. Dynamics of inorganic nutrient species in the Bohai seawaters. Journal of Marine Systems , 44 (3-4): 189-212, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2003.09.010..

Zhang X, Xu X F, Dai Y Y et al. 2018. Phytoplankton community characteristics and variation at artificial reefs of Tianjin offshore. Progress in Fishery Sciences , 39 (6): 1-10. (in Chinese with English abstract).

Zhang Y Y. 2020. Source Analysis and Forecasting Technology of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in Mussels Culture Area of Qinhuangdao. Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang. p. 40-52. (in Chinese with English abstract)

Zhou M J, Shen Z L, Yu R C. 2008. Responses of a coastal phytoplankton community to increased nutrient input from the Changjiang (Yangtze) River. Continental Shelf Research , 28 (12): 1483-1489, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2007.02.009..

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

Long-term dynamics of net-phytoplankton community under environmental drivers in Jiaozhou Bay, China

Long-term dynamics and driving factors of phytoplankton biomass during urbanization, northern China

Distribution and influencing factors of microeukaryote in different water layers of the southwestern Indian Ocean Ridge

Effects of inorganic nutrients and environmental factors on the removal of n-propylbenzene and isopropylbenzene in seawater by cryptophytes Rhinomonas reticulata S6A

Experimental Study of TBCC Engine Performance inLow Speed Wind Tunnel

Related Author

Shimeng YANG

Shujin GUO

Mingliang ZHU

Yongfang ZHAO

Shan ZHENG

Xiaoxia SUN

Kangxu ZHAO

Junping LÜ

Related Institution

Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Jiaozhou Bay National Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Management Committee of Taiyuan Fenhe Scenic Spot

School of Life Science, Shanxi University

Address：Editorial Office of JOL, 88 Haijun Rd. Qingdao, 266000, China
Tel：+86-532-82898754 Email：jol@qdio.ac.cn
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 京ICP备09064830号-19 京公网安备11010802024621
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.

⁰

Phytoplankton community dynamics during Alexandrium blooms in 2019 off the Qinhuangdao coast, Bohai Sea, China

DOI：10.1007/s00343-022-1375-z

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references