Morphological analysis of <italic style="font-style: italic">Rhynchospio</italic> aff. <italic style="font-style: italic">asiatica</italic> (Annelida: Spionidae) and comments on the phylogeny and reproduction of the family Spionidae

Zhi WANG; Ting XU; Jian-Wen QIU; Yinglu JI; Zishan YU; Caihuan KE

doi:10.1007/s00343-021-1068-z

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Morphological analysis of Rhynchospio aff. asiatica (Annelida: Spionidae) and comments on the phylogeny and reproduction of the family Spionidae

Biology | Updated：2023-05-20

- Morphological analysis of Rhynchospio aff. asiatica (Annelida: Spionidae) and comments on the phylogeny and reproduction of the family Spionidae
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 40, Issue 3, Pages: 1257-1276(2022)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
  2.Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
  3.Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
  4.Department of Biology and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
  5.North China Sea Marine Forecasting Center of State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China
  6.College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Author bio：
  
  Zhi WANG, zhiwang00kxy@xmu.edu.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-021-1068-z
  CLC：
- Published：2022-03
- Accepted：
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Zhi WANG, Ting XU, Jian-Wen QIU, et al. Morphological analysis of Rhynchospio aff. asiatica (Annelida: Spionidae) and comments on the phylogeny and reproduction of the family Spionidae[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2022, 40(3): 1257-1276.
DOI：

Zhi WANG, Ting XU, Jian-Wen QIU, et al. Morphological analysis of Rhynchospio aff. asiatica (Annelida: Spionidae) and comments on the phylogeny and reproduction of the family Spionidae[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2022, 40(3): 1257-1276. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-021-1068-z.

摘要

Abstract

The genus

Rhynchospio

has fronto-lateral horns on prostomium

paired branchiae from chaetiger 2 to near the posterior end

capillary notochaetae only

and more than two pairs of pygidial cirri.

Rhynchospio

species are common in coastal soft bottom communities; nevertheless

many recorded

Rhynchospio

specimens around the world are currently undescribed. Here we described a

Rhynchospio

species based on specimens collected from Qingdao

China. Comparison with the reported DNA sequences of four gene markers (16S rRNA

18S rRNA

28S rRNA

and Histone H3) and brief morphological description of specimens collected from Jinhae Bay

South Korea

previously reported as

Rhynchospio

aff.

asiatica

indicated that they are conspecific. Morphologically

specimens of

. aff.

asiatica

from Qingdao are characterized by having neuropodial hooded hooks from chaetigers 14-17 (vs. 10-23 in

asiatica

) to near pygidial chaetigers

sperm from chaetiger 11 to 14 (vs. from chaetiger 11 to 21-22 in

asiatica

)

oocytes from chaetigers 16-17 to 26-39 (vs. from 22-24 in

asiatica

)

and 4-6 (vs. up to 6 in

asiatica

) pygidial cirri. Genetically

Rhynchospio

aff.

asiatica

is most closely related to

arenincola

Hartman

1936

Hartman

1936

from California

USA with the interspecific distances of 20.02% (16S rRNA)

4.50% (18S rRNA)

8.44% (28S rRNA)

2.74% (Histone H3)

and 6.10% (concatenated sequences). Water flow across the dorsum created by ciliary beating of the branchiae and nototrochs

observed on live specimens

may help transport gametes from reproductive segments in anterior and middle parts to the posterior brooding segments. Phylogenetic trees based on concatenated sequences of four gene markers of 54 spioniform species in 25 genera revealed two clades

covering the two subfamilies Spioninae and Nerininae respectively. Two families (i.e.

Poecilochaetidae and Trochochaetidae) in the order Spionida were clustered within Spionidae

supporting a morphology-based proposal that these families bearing a pair of prehensile

grooved palps should be grouped within a more broadly defined family Spionidae. Mapping morphological and reproductive characteristics to the phylogenetic trees indicated that the ancestor of spionids might lack branchiae

broadcast spawn thick-envelop oocytes and ect-aquasperm

and produce planktotrophic larvae.

关键词

Keywords

references

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Qingmin YOU

John Patrick KOCIOLEK

Kangyu WANG

Related Institution

Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Laoshan Laboratory

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University

Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Morphological analysis of Rhynchospio aff. asiatica (Annelida: Spionidae) and comments on the phylogeny and reproduction of the family Spionidae

DOI：10.1007/s00343-021-1068-z

摘要

Abstract

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references