

FOLLOWUS
School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
Jinyong ZHU, zhujinyong@nbu.edu.cn
Received:28 August 2020,
Accepted:16 November 2020,
Online First:22 January 2021,
Published:2022-01
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YANG Wen, YE Yangfang, LU Kaihong, et al. NMR-based metabolomic responses of freshwater gastropod
YANG Wen, YE Yangfang, LU Kaihong, et al. NMR-based metabolomic responses of freshwater gastropod
Molluscan metabolomic analysis is essential for the understanding of the regulatory mechanism of aquatic invertebrate in response to hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) stress. To understand the system responses of the gastropod to MC exposure
metabolomic alterations caused by two strains (MC-producing and non MC-producing) of
Microcystis aeruginosa
were characterized indifferent biological matrices (hepatopancreas and muscle) of
Bellamya aeruginosa
(Gastropoda) using
1
H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy combined with MCs detections after exposure for 1
7
and 14 d. Although ELISA analysis showed that no MCs was detected in both tissues after non MC-producing
M. aeruginosa
exposure
MCs concentrations were increasing in the hepatopancreas (from 1.29±0.48 μg/g to 3.17±0.11 μg/g) and foot muscle (from 0.07±0.02 μg/g to 0.21±0.08 μg/g) after 14-d exposure of MC-producing
M. aeruginosa
. Meanwhile
we observed that MC induced significant increase in creatine
a variety of amino acids (leucine
isoleucine
valine
threonine
alanine
methionine
glutamate
aspartate
and lysine)
carboxylic acids (lactate
acetate
and D-3-hydroxybutyrate)
and choline and its derivatives (phosphocholine and glycerophosphocholine) but decreased the energy substance (lipids
glucose
and glycogen) in the hepatopancreas. However
no significant metabolite differences were observed in the muscle between MC-producing and non MC-producing cyanobacteria treated groups. These results suggest that MC exposure may cause hepatic energy expenditure accompanied with various metabolic disorders that involve lipid metabolism
protein catabolism
osmoregulation
glycolysis
glycogenolysis
and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Moreover
metabolic perturbation was aggravated as the level of accumulated MCs raised over time in the MC-producing cyanobacteria treatment. These findings indicated that MCs accumulation might lead to oxidative-stress-mediated damage of mitochondria functions.
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