Three-stage tectonic subsidence and its implications for the evolution of conjugate margins of the southwest subbasin, South China Sea

Wenlong WANG; Dongdong DONG; Xiujuan WANG; Guangxu ZHANG

doi:10.1007/s00343-020-0259-3

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Three-stage tectonic subsidence and its implications for the evolution of conjugate margins of the southwest subbasin, South China Sea

Geology | Updated：2023-04-27

- Three-stage tectonic subsidence and its implications for the evolution of conjugate margins of the southwest subbasin, South China Sea
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 39, Issue 5, Pages: 1854-1870(2021)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
  2.Laboratory for Marine Geology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
  3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  4.Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Author bio：
  
  Dongdong DONG, E-mail: dongdongdong@qdio.ac.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-020-0259-3
  CLC：
- Received：07 July 2020，
  
  Accepted：24 August 2020，
  
  Online First：21 October 2020，
  
  Published：2021-09
- Accepted：
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Wenlong WANG, Dongdong DONG, Xiujuan WANG, et al. Three-stage tectonic subsidence and its implications for the evolution of conjugate margins of the southwest subbasin, South China Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2021, 39(5): 1854-1870.
DOI：

Wenlong WANG, Dongdong DONG, Xiujuan WANG, et al. Three-stage tectonic subsidence and its implications for the evolution of conjugate margins of the southwest subbasin, South China Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2021, 39(5): 1854-1870. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-020-0259-3.

摘要

Abstract

To reveal the tectonic characteristics of the continental margins in the southwest subbasin (SWB) of the South China Sea

a long high-resolution seismic profile was studied using empty basin subsidence. We find that tectonic subsidence features on both margins are uniformly divided into three stages: (1) slow subsidence from Tg to 18.5 Ma (synrift stage); (2) extremely slow subsidence/uplift from 18.5 to 16 Ma (spreading stage); and (3) accelerated subsidence from 16 to 0 Ma (post-spreading stage). This feature differs from the classic tectonic subsidence pattern of rifted basins

which exhibits fast subsidence during synrift stage and slow subsidence during the post-rift stage. The tectonic uplift occurred during the spreading stage and the magnitude increased from the continent to the ocean

which is likely related to mantle flow during seafloor spreading. We propose that lower crustal flow played a significant role in the tectonic evolution of the continental margins of the SWB. The lower crust of the SWB margins was warmer and therefore weaker

and more prone to flow beneath the faulting center

which compensated for the upper crustal thinning caused by brittle faulting during the synrift period and thus reduced the tectonic subsidence rate. During the spreading stage

faulting attenuated rapidly

and a necking zone appeared at the continentocean transition formed by lithospheric extension. With upwelling asthenosphere

small-scale secondary mantle convection occurred under the necking zone

which raised the continental margin isotherms and increased the buoyancy. Simultaneously

secondary mantle convection lifted the overriding crust

thus the overall subsidence rate decreased sharply or even reversed to uplift. After seafloor spreading

the effect of mantle convection faded away

and sediment loading drove the lower crust to flow landward. Thermal relaxation

lower crust flow

and vanish of secondary mantle convection together led to rapid subsidence in this stage.

关键词

Keywords

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