Upper ocean response to typhoon Kujira (2015) in the South China Sea by multiple means of observation

GUO Jie; ZHANG Tianlong; XU Chenqi; XIE Qiang

doi:10.1007/s00343-019-9059-z

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Upper ocean response to typhoon Kujira (2015) in the South China Sea by multiple means of observation

Physics | Updated：2023-04-27

- Upper ocean response to typhoon Kujira (2015) in the South China Sea by multiple means of observation
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 38, Issue 2, Pages: 314-333(2020)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai 264003, China
  2.Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, China
  3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, CAS, Qingdao 266071, China
  4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  5.Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, CAS, Sanya 572000, China
- Author bio：
  
  GUO Jie, jguo@yic.ac.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-019-9059-z
  CLC：
- Received：02 April 2019，
  
  Accepted：04 June 2019，
  
  Online First：20 August 2019，
  
  Published：2020-02
- Accepted：
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GUO Jie, ZHANG Tianlong, XU Chenqi, et al. Upper ocean response to typhoon Kujira (2015) in the South China Sea by multiple means of observation[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2020, 38(2): 314-333.
DOI：

GUO Jie, ZHANG Tianlong, XU Chenqi, et al. Upper ocean response to typhoon Kujira (2015) in the South China Sea by multiple means of observation[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2020, 38(2): 314-333. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-019-9059-z.

摘要

The impact of typhoon Kujira (2015) on the ocean environment around Yongxing Island in the South China Sea was observed using multiple-satellite sensors and on-site data. A subsurface buoy and Agro float were located to the left and lower right of the track of the typhoon. Satellite observations revealed sea surface cooling of up to 2.5℃

a maximum decrease in sea surface salinity of 2 in the main study area because of heavy rain

and increases in the chlorophyll concentration induced by the slow-moving typhoon with a maximum observed instantaneous wind speed of 35.1 m/s. The sea surface temperature to the right of the typhoon track changed more than that on the left owing to a right bias of the typhoon associated with coupling of the typhoon with wind stress on the sea surface. In the ocean interior

there was obvious downwelling at 24.7 m and upwelling at a depth of 35.7 m with the vertical entrainment and agitation of the typhoon

and the effects extended to different depths of up to more than 1 000 m. When the typhoon passed through the main study area

the maximum flow velocity change at depths of 51 and 660 m was about 0.44 and 0.04 m/s

respectively. The typhoon affected the flow field to a depth of 660 m as it formed and decayed in 11 h

moved at an average speed of 60 m/h

and affected the sea surface over a range exceeding 700 km as it moved slowly and stayed at sea for 2 d. Vertical entrainment and agitation generated by the typhoon

as well as rainfall

cooled the sea surface. This inhibited the strengthening of the typhoon

but the energy transmitted to the ocean led to divergence-convergence flow from a shallow to deep layer.

Abstract

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references

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