Identification of dissolved and particulate carbonyl compounds produced by marine harmful algal bloom species

Lixia SHANG; Zhangxi HU; Yingzhong TANG

doi:10.1007/s00343-019-8199-5

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Identification of dissolved and particulate carbonyl compounds produced by marine harmful algal bloom species

Ecology | Updated：2023-05-20

- Identification of dissolved and particulate carbonyl compounds produced by marine harmful algal bloom species
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 37, Issue 5, Pages: 1566-1581(2019)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
  2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
  3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Author bio：
  
  TANG Yingzhong, yingzhong.tang@qdio.ac.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s00343-019-8199-5
  CLC：
- Received：23 August 2018，
  
  Accepted：21 November 2018，
  
  Online First：27 February 2019，
  
  Published：2019-09
- Accepted：
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Lixia SHANG, Zhangxi HU, Yingzhong TANG. Identification of dissolved and particulate carbonyl compounds produced by marine harmful algal bloom species[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2019, 37(5): 1566-1581.
DOI：

Lixia SHANG, Zhangxi HU, Yingzhong TANG. Identification of dissolved and particulate carbonyl compounds produced by marine harmful algal bloom species[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2019, 37(5): 1566-1581. DOI： 10.1007/s00343-019-8199-5.

摘要

Abstract

Carbonyl compounds

especially polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs)

are increasingly reported as teratogenic to grazers and deleterious to phytoplankton. While PUAs have been considered to be mainly produced by diatoms after cell wounding

little is known about whether microalgae other than diatoms

particularly harmful algal bloom (HAB)-forming species

produce carbonyl compounds. In this study

we analyzed the carbonyl compounds from eight common HAB-forming species (

Akashiwo sanguinea

Karenia mikimotoi

Karlodinium veneficum

Margalefidinium polykrikoides

Prorocentrum donghaiense

P. minimum

Scrippsiella trochoidea

and

Heterosigma akashiwo

) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in full scan and selected ion monitoring (SIM) modes. Our results show a ubiquitous presence of carbonyl compounds in both dissolved and particulate forms in all species we examined. In the full scan mode

133 chromatographic peaks were detected from 51 samples altogether. Both the varieties of carbonyl compounds and their quantities were algal species dependent

although most of the carbonyl compounds could not be fully identified according to the mass spectral database only due to the unavailability of enough standards for all analytes. Aided with nine standards in SIM mode

we further identified and quantified all nine aldehydes (2-methyl-2-pentenal

trans-2-nonenal

cis-6-nonenal

6-dimethyl-5-heptenal

trans-2-hexenal

trans-2-decenal

4-heptadienal

trans-trans-2

4-octadienal

and trans-trans-2

4-decadienal). Four of these nine aldehydes were detected in particulate form

which confirmed that trans-2-nonenal could be produced by

K. mikimotoi

Karl. veneficum

P. donghaiense

P. minimum

S. trochoidea

and

H. akashiwo

4-heptadienal and trans-trans-2

4-decadienal by

A. sanguinea

M. polykrikoides

and

S. trochoidea

and trans

trans-2

4-octadienal by

S. trochoidea

respectively. We proved that some dinoflagellate and raphidophyte species could contribute to the pool of carbonyl compounds including PUAs in a marine ecosystem. Some carbonyl compounds

particularly those in high cell quota and/or dissolved concentration

may be related to fishkilling or allelopathy which needs further identification and quantification.

关键词

Keywords

references

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