Salinity effect-induced ENSO amplitude modulation in association with the interdecadal Pacific Oscillation

Hai ZHI; Xiaokun WANG; Rong-Hua ZHANG; Pengfei LIN; Jifeng QI

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Salinity effect-induced ENSO amplitude modulation in association with the interdecadal Pacific Oscillation

Physics | Updated：2024-10-11

- Salinity effect-induced ENSO amplitude modulation in association with the interdecadal Pacific Oscillation
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 42, Issue 4, Pages: 1019-1036(2024)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.College of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  2.School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  3.Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
  4.State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
  5.Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, Institute of Oceanology, and Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Author bio：
  
  rzhang@nuist.edu.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：
  CLC：
- Received：03 July 2023，
  
  Online First：03 November 2023，
  
  Published：01 July 2024
- Accepted：
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ZHI Hai,WANG Xiaokun,ZHANG Rong-Hua,et al.Salinity effect-induced ENSO amplitude modulation in association with the interdecadal Pacific Oscillation[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2024,42(04):1019-1036.
DOI：

ZHI Hai,WANG Xiaokun,ZHANG Rong-Hua,et al.Salinity effect-induced ENSO amplitude modulation in association with the interdecadal Pacific Oscillation[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2024,42(04):1019-1036. DOI：

摘要

Abstract

A 110-year ensemble simulation of an ocean general circulation model (OGCM) was analyzed to identify the modulation of salinity interdecadal variability on El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) amplitude in the tropical Pacific during 1901–2010. The simulating results show that sea surface salinity (SSS) variation in the region exhibits notable and coherent interdecadal variability signal

which is closely associated with the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). As salinity increases or reduces

the SSS modulations on ENSO amplitude during its warm/cold events vary asymmetrically with positive/negative IPO phases. Physically

salinity interdecadal variability can enhance or reduce ENSO-related conditions in upper-ocean stratification

contributing noticeably to ENSO variability. Salinity anomalies associated with the mixed layer depth and barrier layer thickness can modulate ENSO amplitude during positive and negative IPO phases

resulting in the asymmetry of sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly in the tropical Pacific. During positive IPO phases

SSS interdecadal variability contributes positively to El Niño amplitude but negatively to La Niña amplitude by enhancing or reducing SSS interannual variability

and vice versa during negative IPO phases. Quantitatively

the results indicate that the modulation of the ENSO amplitude by the SSS interdecadal variability is 15%–28% during negative IPO phases and 30%–20% during positive IPO phases

respectively. Evidently

the SSS interdecadal variability associated with IPO and its modulation on ENSO amplitude in the tropical Pacific are among factors essentially contributing ENSO diversity.

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references

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