Comprehensive physiological-biochemical and transcriptome studies revealed the adaptive mechanism of invasive cyanobacteria, <italic style="font-style: italic">Raphidiopsis raciborskii</italic>, to glyphosate and cadmium single and combined toxicity

Yisifu MA; Xue WANG; Jiale ZHANG; Shinichi NAKANO; Junguo MA; Yang LIU

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Comprehensive physiological-biochemical and transcriptome studies revealed the adaptive mechanism of invasive cyanobacteria, Raphidiopsis raciborskii, to glyphosate and cadmium single and combined toxicity

Updated：2026-07-27

- Comprehensive physiological-biochemical and transcriptome studies revealed the adaptive mechanism of invasive cyanobacteria, Raphidiopsis raciborskii, to glyphosate and cadmium single and combined toxicity
- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Pages: 1-16(2026)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Health Protection, Xinxiang 453007, China
  2.College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
  3.Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang 474450, China
  4.Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Shiga 520-2113, Japan
- Author bio：
  
  ly@htu.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：
  CLC：
- Received：11 October 2025，
  
  Online First：27 July 2026，
- Accepted：
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MA Yisifu,WANG Xue,ZHANG Jiale,et al.Comprehensive physiological-biochemical and transcriptome studies revealed the adaptive mechanism of invasive cyanobacteria, Raphidiopsis raciborskii, to glyphosate and cadmium single and combined toxicity[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,
DOI：

MA Yisifu,WANG Xue,ZHANG Jiale,et al.Comprehensive physiological-biochemical and transcriptome studies revealed the adaptive mechanism of invasive cyanobacteria, Raphidiopsis raciborskii, to glyphosate and cadmium single and combined toxicity[J].Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, DOI：.

摘要

Abstract

Raphidiopsis

raciborskii

is recognized as a highly invasive cyanobacterium

with increasing reports of its prevalence. Pesticides and heavy metals represent two significant categories of pollutants contributing to water contamination. To investigate the invasion characteristics of cyanobacteria in polluted waters

chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics revealed that high-concentration exposure reduced key fluorescence transient points—O (initial)

J and I (intermediate)

and P (peak)—compared to the control

whereas the P level was elevated under low-concentration exposure.

and PI

ABS

values rose notably with low cadmium (Cd) exposure but declined with high Cd and high-concentration co-exposure. Values were lower in high-concentration co-exposure than low single Cd exposure

yet higher than high-concentration single Cd exposure. Photosynthetic parameters exhibited an increase at low Cd concentrations but demonstrated a notable decrease at high Cd and combined Cd exposure. Low concentration combined exposure significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities

with no significant change observed in malondialdehyde

(MDA) content. In contrast

high concentration combined exposure resulted in decreased SOD and CAT activities

a significant increase in MDA content

and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels across the exposure groups. Microstructural and ultrastructural alterations indicate oxidative stress. Transcriptome analysis revealed that high co-exposure down-regulated key photosynthetic genes

and the presence of glyphosate (Gly) mitigated Cd toxicity during co-exposure. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the adaptive mechanisms of invasive cyanobacteria to pesticides and heavy metals

providing theoretical support for the management of invasive cyanobacterial species.

关键词

Keywords

references

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Comprehensive physiological-biochemical and transcriptome studies revealed the adaptive mechanism of invasive cyanobacteria, Raphidiopsis raciborskii, to glyphosate and cadmium single and combined toxicity

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